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环球时报:客观认识土耳其,准确把握中土关系

2018-08-20 08:17:31    环球时报

中国外长王毅与土耳其外长查武什奥卢18日通电话,王毅表示,中方支持土方为维护国家安全稳定、经济社会发展所作出的努力,中方愿同土方一道共同维护发展中国家,特别是新兴经济体的正当权益。查武什奥卢表示愿与中方加强战略沟通,希望进一步深化同中方的互利合作。

土耳其与美国的激烈摩擦不见缓和,越来越多的分析认为,双方的裂痕很难弥合。土耳其开展全方位的大国外交将成今后土耳其外交的平衡方向。

土耳其是颇具影响的中东大国,其外交的战略性调整会产生一定的全球牵动力。从中土外长通话的情况看,北京对安卡拉加强彼此战略沟通的愿望给予了积极回应,中土扩大友好合作、特别是共同推进“一带一路”建设面临新的机遇。

然而我们注意到,中国舆论场尚没有完全跟上中东局势的变化,一些人对土耳其和中土关系的认识仍停留在过去的框架里。他们主张对土耳其的警惕应当放在根据变化调整中土关系之上,中国应当冷淡回应土扩大中土合作的意向。

他们的理由是,首先,土耳其是过去半个多世纪里给中国制造麻烦最多的中东国家。安卡拉不仅在朝鲜战争中派“土耳其旅”与美军并肩作战,前些年在瓦良格号过博斯普鲁斯海峡的问题上也刁难了很久,它还在购买红旗-9导弹问题上出尔反尔,实际上“耍”了中国。

最令人无法接受的是,土耳其在新疆问题上不时添乱。土一些势力鼓励了“东突”的思潮,而且在前几年帮助了新疆少数激进人士非法进入中东地区,还对新疆的民族政策说三道四。

必须承认,中土关系过去有复杂的一面,但这些并不构成阻碍中土今后扩大战略沟通与合作的充分理由。需要看到,中土并无解不开的矛盾,而且2015年埃尔多安访华之后,土发展对华关系的积极性大增,两国扩大合作的正能量压倒了分歧,中土关系的面貌不断发生积极变化。

看待土耳其和中土关系,太简单了不行,而需要有与实际相符、与中国现实力量和使命相配的视野和格局。土耳其对实现中国国家利益同时有着正面及负面影响,我们需对它们做出客观的评估和比较,进而采取趋利避害的应对。

土耳其既有望成为中国的战略伙伴之一,也可能在今后继续围绕新疆问题扮演消极角色,但很重要的一点是,将土塑造为中国战略伙伴的过程,能够同时起到抑制其干扰新疆事务的作用。中国奉行积极对土政策有望做到互惠共赢的一石二鸟。

中土没有重要利害冲突,大突厥主义在土耳其是被当今世界强大现实冲得七零八落的意识形态,土当下命运所面临的挑战要实际得多,其中一些挑战也是中国面对的。中土成为伙伴的前景值得中国迎合并争取,无论从哪个角度看,这都是对中国有益无害的选择。

与土耳其发展良好关系不意味着中国要给土大量援助,它不仅在战略上是互利的,在经济上也将是互惠的。土耳其有中东最强大的经济,过去土耳其以欧洲为最大贸易方向,这意味着中土加强经济合作有很大空间。

中国社会把这一切看清楚了,会为国家灵活与土耳其互动创造更有利的舆论环境,不是给中土发展合作吹逆风,而是送去顺风,甚至在帮着扬起一面帆。

责任编辑:梁云娇 CN079
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