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性骚扰丑闻笼罩 美国会内部流传“痴汉黑名单”

2017-11-16 08:03:43   中国青年网

如同一场肆意扩散的瘟疫,职场性骚扰丑闻今年在全美多个领域集中爆发,精英聚集的高科技中心硅谷、金融中心华尔街以及影视中心好莱坞分别“沦陷”。就在外界对这一乱象已略感“见怪不怪”之时,美国国会爆出的新一轮“疫情”再次刷新人们的认知,性骚扰在国会大厦里竟如同“公开的秘密”般普遍存在。数十名国会内部人士日前向媒体痛陈潜伏在国家最高权力机关以内的种种丑恶嘴脸,原本高大肃穆的国会山瞬间形象“崩塌”。14日,相关机构发言人表示,将推出强制反性骚扰培训课程,作为转变作风的第一步。

美国有线电视新闻网(CNN)14日报道称,国会内潜藏的“色狼”数量惊人,一些受访者被问到人数时的第一反应为,“一半男人都是”。知情者称,一份“痴汉黑名单”在国会议员、雇员和实习生之间“心口相传”,一位加州议员和一位得州议员被多名受访者分别点名。女同事之间还互相分享各种“防狼心得”。“不成文的国会规矩”包括警惕夜宿办公室的男同事,和男议员单独乘电梯要留心,不要在深夜会议或酒会以及聚餐活动后和某些议员独处等。由于性骚扰事件普遍且举报渠道不畅,大多数女性只得从同伴那里学习应对之法。CNN日前对国会50余名内部知情人士进行采访,其中包括现任或已离任的议员和雇员。由于话题和涉事人物高度敏感,绝大多数受访者拒绝公开姓名。

CNN称,国会大厦内的专用电梯往往是性骚扰事件的高发地带。一名前议员助理披露,她曾在多年前与两名男性参议员同乘电梯,其中一人是她的领导。经领导引荐,她与另一位参议员握手,但没想到后者竟以一种极具挑逗性的方式轻抚她的掌心,丝毫不顾同事就在身边。还有女性表示,自己在国会工作期间害上“电梯恐惧症”,离职多年后与男性共乘电梯仍会感到局促不安。

在媒体看来,国会大厦虽然庄严肃穆,但其内部的职场生态与其他滋生“毒文化”的场所其实存在许多共通之处。美国VOX新闻网举例称,国会内以男性居多,他们占据着多数高级职位,明显比女性更具话语权,处于低阶职务的女性雇员尤其容易沦为受害者群体。也有分析认为,不少议员独特的生活方式也是性骚扰现象滋生的原因之一。不少男性由于工作忙碌、应酬繁多,几乎以办公室为家,和配偶常年保持“两地分居”状态。而在各类应酬活动中,他们又少不了一番推杯换盏,之后带着一身酒气回到办公室。不少受访者都表示,“要格外小心睡在办公室的男人”。

而从某种程度上看,“毒文化”的形成涉事双方都有责任。据一位资深女政客透露,一些女性面对性暗示或骚扰之举不但不回避,反而向前迎合,因为她们深信这是华府向上攀升的一条必由之路,“颇有几分性交易的味道”。但也有女性对此表示无奈。一名受访女议员说,她曾多次被男性同事“吃豆腐”,但自己只能选择缄默,“因为需要他们的选票”。据了解,国会内人际关系复杂,今日的敌人他日很可能因为其他因素而成为不可缺少的盟友,因此很多女性不敢轻易指责批评同事。

此外,上诉无门也是受害者群体面临的一大窘境。最近几周,负责协调内部纠纷的美国国会纪律办公室以惊人的“不作为”遭到外界严厉斥责。据了解,该部门在受理投诉后,仅初期流程就耗时数月。不少人在投诉后都被三言两语打发回来,比如被告知“无从证明投诉内容”等等。目前,两党多名议员都在制作草案,试图对该部门处理投诉的规程做出改革。

所幸美国国会的这股歪风已得到官方的高度重视。据《今日美国》报报道,美国国众议院行政委员会14日举行听证会,加州女议员杰基·斯贝尔作为证人出席,呼吁众议院提升“防狼”举措、对员工进行强制性的性骚扰预防培训。她表示,在多年的职业生涯中,她在国会见识过各种下流行径。此前,多达1500名国会前工作人员也曾联名上书,呼吁该机构推行相应的培训项目。行政委员会主席格雷格·哈勃承认,性骚扰现象如今已是美国的“国家性问题”,“国会也未能幸免”。他立场坚决地说:“社会不应宽容这种行径,国会更不应该。”

美国众议院发言人保罗·莱恩14日表示,未来每位雇员都将接受反性骚扰培训课程,其目标“不仅是提升意识,更要明确任何形式的骚扰都没有存在空间。此外,参议院上周也已达成一致性决议,要求参议院内所有新晋议员和员工在入职60天内接受相关培训。

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