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美海军福特号航母:装备精良完全数字化 宛若小城市

2017-07-27 09:08:34   新华网

卧舱里没有小便池,都被抽水马桶取代。好处在于方便海军轻易适应航母人员结构调整。但也有人指出,马桶卫生性差、更占地方,而且“福特”号男性船员占绝大多数。

休闲室被安排在远离卧舱的区域,船员不用担心被打游戏或打扑克牌的声音扰梦。休闲室配备了舒适的桌椅和平板电视,船员可以点播电视剧或电影,休闲室和卧舱也有无线网络,不过一旦航母出动,所有娱乐服务都会停止。

航母餐厅呈中心辐射状,有三个入口。美国海军推崇健康饮食,不提供重油餐食,船员无论级别,吃食都一样。此外,甲板下还有商店、理发店、小教堂、医疗站和消防站等,宛若小型城市。

实现完全数字化

直观上看,“福特”号舰岛比“尼米兹”级航母更小,位置上更靠尾部、略偏右舷,结构上,“福特”号有3个升降台和两个机库,每个机库只有两个分区,以简化维护。

舰桥位于舰岛上层位置。作为“福特”号的大脑,舰桥所有的控制和航行系统实现完全数字化,使用触屏交互技术,同时配备备用系统,但保留了一个与电子转向传输系统相连的金属舵轮。飞行主控中心在舰桥上层,同样高度数字化,但整体布局和“尼米兹”级航母相似。

分析人士认为,整艘航母电气化和电子化程度高,用电需求大大增加。据美国海军介绍,“福特”号航母的核电站产出的电量是“尼米兹”级核动力航母的3倍,两个核反应堆满载核燃料的情况下,满载排水量达10万吨的“福特”号能以30节的航速连续航行超过20年。

此外,航母整体自动化程度大幅提升后,人力成本可有效降低。设计容量达4500人的“福特”号实际只需2600名船员操控,美国海军预计,船员精减措施将有助于在“福特”号50年服役期内节省40亿美元的开支。

责任编辑:韩佟 CL1368
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