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侠客岛:印度的实力到底怎么样?

2017-07-09 03:52:50   侠客岛

此次对峙,大家可能比较激动,觉得为什么不打,但其实冷静看看就知道,大规模冲突的可能性很低。中印两国都是有核国家,光这一点就足以要求双方要谨慎地考量战争的可能性。当然,小规模冲突是有可能的。(侠客岛按:今天巴基斯坦和印度在克什米尔发生了交火冲突)

中印边界问题的争议,主要由东段、中段、西段、锡金段构成。锡金段过去一致认为没有争议;中段基本上是三个点有争议,由印度实控;东段也是印度实控;西段主要是中国实控。关于中印边界问题解决的路径,主要思路就是“三步走”。第一是确定解决的基本原则,2005年已经把解决的原则协议签订下来了,第二是确定解决的大框架,也就是最艰难的部分,需要进入实质性的谈判。第三步就是立桩、确认等技术性工作。目前已经完成第一部分,正在第二步的艰难时刻。第二步如果解决了,第三步就没有问题了。

现在对边界问题的分歧主要卡在哪里呢?印度认为,要继续去澄清实控线。中方认为,不要再去澄清实控线,应该集中精力寻求政治解决。政治解决的意思就是不要讲法律,也不要讲历史,因为双方都有自己的部分道理和依据,怕说不清,那么我们就应该以政治方式把边界划分了。印度为什么要去澄清实控线呢?因为目前的实控对印度是有利的,它可以澄清实控线后一直拖着,时间长了,自然而然地形成为事实上的边界。对中方来说,肯定是不愿意的,这就是争论的一个焦点。

边界问题谁都关心,中国人关心,印度人也关心,可以说边界问题算是印度心头最大的问题,加上印度媒体的炒作,所以每次有所谓越境事情发生的时候,印度媒体的报道倾向给人的感觉就是中国人又欺负印度了。就像这次一样,印度媒体一上来发了一个原来的视频,根本不是这次的,但媒体说中国人又进入到印度境内了。几天后发现不是这样的,现在就改成说中国人欺负不丹,中国人跑到不丹境内去了,我们印度要支持不丹顶住中国。

我们也可以说说此次争端中不丹的角色。不丹这个国家很大程度是被印度完全控制的,包括经济、政治等等方面。

不丹位于喜马拉雅山南麓,地理所限,它所用的石油、普通商品等等,都必须从加尔各答口岸上来,然后过境印度才能运到不丹,所以印度死死地捏着不丹的命脉。不丹经济也完全依靠印度,出口水电是不丹经济最重要的部分,印度人帮助建水电站,然后再帮不丹把电出口到印度,两国电网是完全连接的。另外,印度从大英帝国继承了帝国遗产,所以过去不丹的外交甚至都由印度来指导,直到07年,签订了新的条约,不丹的独立性才稍微强一点。

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