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调查总统的FBI 为何要介入中国女生失联案?

2017-06-16 00:45:57   政知道

FBI的9大办案范围

FBI官网上清楚写明9大办案范围,分别是恐怖主义行动、反间谍活动、网络犯罪、公共腐败、公民权利、集团犯罪、白领犯罪、暴力犯罪、大规模杀伤性武器。此次FBI将章莹颖案件定性为绑架案就属于9大办案范围中“暴力犯罪”这一类别。

此外,FBI管辖的暴力犯罪还包括针对儿童的犯罪、儿童卖淫案件、银行抢劫、印第安保留区犯罪、与逃亡者和失踪者有关的案件、袭击总统和联邦工作人员案件。不难看出,这些都是我们常说的恶性案件。而对绑架案进行管辖也是FBI的职能,值得一提的是,绑架案并非一开始就属于FBI职能范围,这还得从上世纪30年代的一个案子说起。

著名美国飞行员林德伯格是第一个飞越大西洋的人。1932年3月1日晚,绑匪从他位于新泽西的豪宅中绑走了他20个月大的儿子,并索赎金五万美元。尽管付出了赎金,71天后小查尔斯·林德伯格的尸体还是在离家不远的灌木丛中被发现。保姆贝蒂·格罗与其男友受到调查,但后来被证明是清白的。

林德伯格绑架案

两年后,警方终于发现了一名犯罪嫌疑人,纽约木匠豪普曼。豪普曼犯有前科,并且还有若干不利证据指向他,尤其是在他家车库发现了部分被记下号码的赎金。尽管豪普曼始终拒绝认罪,但陪审团还是得出了一致的结论,其罪名成立,豪普曼1936年4月被送上了电椅。

林德伯格绑架案是FBI官网94个著名案例中的一个,具有里程碑式的意义。它使FBI第一次获得对地方案件的办理权——国会通过了以林德伯格名字命名的“林德伯格法案”。法案规定:若绑架案在一周后还未获侦破,那么就推定绑架犯已经越过了州的边界,联邦调查局自动对该案享有管辖权。此番FBI介入中国女生失联案可能也是基于这一判例的影响。

美国移民律师协会会员、联邦法院出庭律师王太和接受媒体采访时称,目前FBI介入调查,表明此事可能涉及刑事案件,如绑架等。他给出的理由是:车辆有可能已经离开本地,甚至开到其他州,需要当地警方与FBI展开洲际协调。

不难看出,对于中国女生失联一案,FBI也是相当的重视。

大案中的FBI身影

政知道(微信ID:upolitics)注意到,在官网的“FBI历史——著名案件”一栏,一些著名案件赫然在列。比如911事件、洛克比空难、水门事件、黑色大丽花案、琼斯镇案、东京玫瑰案以及上文提及的林德伯格绑架案,这些都是FBI参与侦办过的著名案件,FBI在其中扮演非常重要的角色。

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