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美国看病有多贵?留学生做个手术花掉1000多万!

2017-05-03 11:48:20   环球时报

另外,医学专业的学费也是天价,不花个150万美元(约合1000万人民币)左右,是不可能成为医生的。如果没钱的话,可以去银行贷款,学生贷款利率是多少呢?10%!要知道房屋贷款20年的利率也不过4.9%,读14年医学专业下来,一套房子基本上没了。这些医生怎么才能把学费给赚回来呢?羊毛出在羊身上,最后还是患者买单。

美国实行“以械养医”、“以药养医”

医疗设施和药物昂贵则是跟美联航的拖拽事件一样属于“美国特色”。美国的医院实行“以械养医”、“以药养医”,加价比例通常是规定的15%左右。由于美国的医院多数是私营性质,他们的所得收入除了支付医护人员的工资以外,基本上剩下的都归医院所有。例如,一副医疗手套,在市面上的进货价格不过几美元,但是到了大医院手中,却可以理直气壮加到数十美元。

而美国的公立医院主要由联邦政府、州政府和地方郡县政府出资设立。由于这些医院仅为特定人员服务,所以并不针对平民开放。例如现役和退役军人、军人家属还有原住民。

所以,美国绝大多数医院目前都是私营(非营利性或者营利性机构)性质。作为私立医院,生存和发展有其共通之道。美国的大型私立医院需要赢利,至少是收支平衡。其主要资金来源大致有以下3种:

1.患者支付的医疗费用。绝大部分是保险公司支付的款项。

2.研究经费和衍生收益。美国的一流医院担负着众多的科研开发、试制和临床试验工作。几家医院的研究结果往往左右着美国食品和药物管理局(FDA)的政策导向和诸多公司的财务状况,所以各大药厂在临床试验和前期研发的投入惊人。另外,政府特别是公共卫生的基础研究投入也不惜血本。其中很大一部分都是由大型医院的实验室承担的。在药品和各种医疗设备开发成功并投入市场后,其价值回报也是私立医院的重要收入来源之一。

3.各种捐助和投资。全美不计其数的私人基金会和慈善机构每年都向医院系统捐助数以百亿的资金,用于医学研究和帮助那些需要帮助的患者。

还有药品问题,首先患者要跟保险公司协商,因为有些药物不属于保险公司承保的范围。所以拿药的时候你还要给药剂师诊费,最后还要控制用量,不能一次性给你好几周的用量,必须控制在一周之内,这样患者才能源源不断给医药公司送钱。去年有个华尔街对冲基金经理买断了某高血压的应急药,把仅仅几美元的药物提价到1200多美元。

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