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俄租中国1万平方公里当火箭坠落区?中方谨慎(图)

2016-09-23 10:01:58   

资料图:俄罗斯用“质子-M”运载火箭发射一枚“快车-AM6

原标题:俄租用我领土当火箭残骸坠落区?中方十分谨慎

据俄罗斯《消息报》22日报道,俄罗斯国家航天集团公司计划在中国新疆租赁大片土地用作俄罗斯两种运载火箭残骸的坠落区。俄方运载火箭将在中国上空抛掉前部整流罩襟翼,因此为安全起见,需将居民临时撤出可能坠落的区域,租赁国土面积大约为1万平方公里。报道称,协议条款将包括禁止在租用地区建设工业设施和城市。专家估计,与中国签署租用火箭坠落区协议标志着俄中两国在航天技术领域转入更加密切的合作时期。

报道称,有关俄国家航天集团公司计划租用中国新疆部分地区作为火箭坠落区的消息是在“质子-Light”和“松卡尔”运载火箭项目展示会上公布的。俄罗斯航天集团公司拟于2020年启用“质子”家族新型火箭“质子-Light”,而“松卡尔”型运载火箭计划于2025年首飞。这两种火箭将由俄罗斯与哈萨克斯坦合资企业“生命之树”联合发射升空。

文章称,俄罗斯在签署火箭坠落区租赁协议方面经验丰富。例如,俄罗斯与哈萨克斯坦签署过多份土地租赁协议,作为俄罗斯战略火箭部队火箭残骸的坠落区域。公司发言人表示,火箭研发的同时,火箭坠落区的谈判也将进行。坠落区租赁协议通常是政府间签署,就像俄哈间的协议那样。提供坠落区的国家将确定租金、面积等,因为这没有一个国际普遍接受的标准。例如,俄罗斯租用哈萨克斯坦与奥伦堡州边境火箭坠落地区每年租金为46万美元。在2011-2012年期间,俄罗斯租用哈国阿克纠宾和科斯塔奈地区作为从拜克努尔航天发射场发射的火箭残骸坠落区时,哈国坚持年租金为200万美元,同时还要支付因航班取消等方面造成的损失。

报道称,租用中国领土的谈判可能是漫长而艰难的。俄中关系友好,但在讨论这样的问题时,中国伙伴会提出一些相关联的条件。例如,在美国对俄罗斯实施技术封锁时,中国表示愿意与俄罗斯分享生产航天电子元件技术,但中方请求俄方向其提供生产液体航天发动机技术,并希望在中国建设企业,生产世界上最好的液体火箭发动机。俄罗斯齐奥尔科夫斯基宇航科学院通讯院士安德烈·约宁表示,从生态角度来讲,火箭前部整流罩襟翼安全无害。这些残骸具有空气动力学性质,飞行距离很远。因此,残骸坠落区的面积可能会很大。这就导致这些地区的经济活动会受限,不能在那里建城市。同时,与中国签署相关协议可能意味着两国在航天技术领域合作更加密切,政府间互信程度更高。他强调:目前没有俄中相关谈判进展的消息。但中方对一切事情都十分谨慎,“我认为双方可能已经有了一些协议。”▲(柳玉鹏)

责任编辑:郭丽颖 cn045
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