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日疗养院凶手曾因"预告犯罪"被强制送进精神病院

2016-07-27 08:42:25   央广网

不过,根据警方披露的信息,这起案件其实早有预兆。植村圣曾在今年2月写信给日本众议院议长,预告他将采取的犯罪行为,甚至在信中披露了自己的犯罪计划,称自己会选在福利院员工较少的夜晚作案,并选中住有多名重度残疾人的两个福利院作为目标,其中包括他实施行凶的“津久井山百合园”福利院。

为此,日本警方曾对植村圣进行过调查,并一度将他强制送进精神病院。入院期间,院方在对他进行的尿检中发现了大麻成分。经医生治疗后,他在3月出院。不过值得注意的是,中国之声日本观察员黄学清曾介绍称,日本对于精神病患者的强制措施,相对宽松。日本1988年生效了精神保健法,致力于对精神障碍者的医疗保护和社会回归。比如,住院方式改为自由住院,就是精神病院的管理者要尽可能地做到基于患者本人的同意,进行入院治疗。患者要求出院时,必须容许其出院。各地有精神医疗审查会,负责对出院和待遇改善的病例以及定期病情报告进行审查。但是精神病患者的安置方面依然是日本社会的一个难题。对精神病患者的管理,在日本也是尺度很难把握的事情。

此外,由于案件发生在老人、残障人士集中的疗养院,日本老龄化的社会顽疾,也被再次推到舆论顶端。据央视记者吴琼介绍,这起案件的伤亡人数在日本实属罕见,但近几年,针对弱势群体的袭击事件已经多次发生。从2000年到现在,日本发生过7起这样的暴力事件,其中严重的包括2001年大阪一男子闯入小学持菜刀杀死8名儿童。2008年,东京一男子持刀行凶导致7人死亡。从伤亡人数来看,昨天凌晨发生的可以说是近年来日本较为严重的一起。另外,案件的行凶者是之前的看护人员。类似看护人员行凶事件在日本也时有发生。日本是老龄化大国,看护人员工作压力非常大,且待遇较低,导致在日本这个行业的人员严重不足,人员素质也难以得到保障。但是,这次事件造成这么多人员伤亡较罕见,所以媒体纷纷说这是一次令人震惊的事件。

对此,中国之声日本观察员蒋丰表示,日本的老龄化问题,已经成为近年来最为突出的社会问题之一,疗养机构的相关安全措施,应该引起重视。日本面临两难问题,一是高龄化问题,一是少子化问题。这两个问题都直接给日本劳动力造成巨大冲击。对于高龄化问题,除了劳动力以外,还有高龄化福祉问题,即如何提供给老年人福祉。日本在高龄化方面,养老设施、戒护设施都是走在前面,但这次看到的问题是戒护安全措施存在的隐患。至少每个房间的警铃没有发挥作用,监控器也没有发挥作用。对外来人员进入的管理也出现问题。所以,日本在养老设施自有强项,但与此同时也出现很多问题。

责任编辑:赵逸 CN039
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