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伊战调查报告:布莱尔密信布什“先动手,再解释”

2016-07-08 09:38:30   中国新闻网

原标题:英国公开伊战调查报告 布莱尔密信布什“先动手,再解释”

中国日报网7月7日电(信莲)据英国媒体报道,历时7年,英国有关伊拉克战争的“齐尔考特报告”终于在7月6日公开。这份调查报告指出,英国前首相托尼•布莱尔决定出兵攻打伊拉克是基于错误的情报、开战理由不充分。布莱尔当天表态,自己对发动伊战“承担全部责任”,并对此表示“难过、歉意和遗憾”。

“开战理由不充分”

这份调查报告全文约260万字,多次使用“入侵”一词来描述2003年美国和英国对伊拉克的军事行动。报告称,这是第二次世界大战以来,英国首次参与并以完全规模来侵略一个主权国家。

“这是一份关于极其错误的军事介入行动的报告,而该行动的后果延续至今。”英国官方组建的伊拉克战争调查委员会主席约翰•齐尔考特称,英国情报机构提供错误情报声称伊拉克藏有大规模杀伤性武器,对世界造成迫在眉睫的威胁,但事后证明没有人能够在伊拉克找到这些所谓的大规模杀伤性武器,“当时的决策者基于有瑕疵的情报做出参战决定,开战理由和战后计划都不充分”。

报告得出结论称,英国选择加入“入侵”伊拉克行动,而在当时军事行动并非“最后手段”,“尽管收到明确警告,但(时任政府)仍然低估了入侵后果,关于伊拉克进入后萨达姆时期的计划和准备工作远远不足,政府没能达到既定目标”。

“先动手,再解释”

随着这份调查报告的公开,布莱尔写给布什的数十封秘密信件也首次公诸于众。这些信件均写于伊战爆发之前,外界一直怀疑猜测两人曾就联手发动伊战一事暗地里进行过秘密交易或者相互许下承诺。

在一封写于2002年7月28日的备忘录中,此时距离伊战爆发仅有8个月,布莱尔告诉布什:“不论如何,我必将与你同在。但现在应是坦率地评估困难和问题的时候。”而在另一封写于“9•11”事件发生之后的信件中,布莱尔对布什说:“先动手,再解释”。

路透社指出,布莱尔是英国唯一一位赢过三次大选的工党首相,他曾在位10年,全盛时期民众支持率极高,但他的声誉、他留下的政治遗产却因伊战严重受损。

调查报告6日公布后,布什的发言人弗雷迪•福特回应称,虽然前总统本人尚未看过报告,但他依旧认为“推翻了萨达姆整个世界变得更加美好”。

“难过、歉意和遗憾”

布莱尔在调查报告出炉后随即召开记者发布会,他发表了时长45分钟的讲话,全程表情严肃,但面对记者的追问时也一度面露尴尬。

布莱尔表示,他对在伊拉克犯下的任何错误“承担全部责任”,但他坚称他决定采取军事行动推翻萨达姆政权是“出于善意”,“推翻萨达姆比让这个独裁者继续当权要好”,并且自己当时的选择符合英国的“最大利益”。

“参战时做出的情报评估工作被证明是错误的,参战所带来的后果被证明比我们原本想象的更加充满敌意、更加旷日持久、更加血腥。”布莱尔说,“对于这一切,我感到的难过、歉意和遗憾远比你们知道的要多。”

不过布莱尔强调,如果历史重演,他会再次“做出同样的决定”带领英国加入伊拉克战争,“假如时间倒转,我回到同样的位置、手握同样的信息,我还是会做出同样的决定”。

责任编辑:柯旺 CN044
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