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联合国秘书长史上首次面试 候选人半数为女性

2016-04-12 09:59:46   央广网

70届联大主席吕克托夫特在就下任秘书长的挑选过程接受联合国新闻中心的采访时表示,如果大多数国家“钟情于”一位候选人,而安理会却有意推荐另外一位候选人,这会让安理会感到非常棘手。但如果存在很多候选人,且哪一位候选人受到联大会员国绝大多数的支持并不明朗,那将会出现以前由安理会完全定夺的局面。

需要指出的是,以前的8位联合国秘书长没有任何一位来自东欧区域,因此这可能构成一个对于来自东欧区域的候选人潜在的有利之处。此外,在联合国的历史上还从未出现过女性秘书长。尽管联合国方面一再表示,秘书长的选举将首先考虑挑选一位最合格称职的候选人担任秘书长,但联大主席吕克托夫特表示,许多人认为:一位女性首次成为最佳秘书长人选的可能性不是不成立。

目前,在8位候选人当中,有4位是女性,而其中的3位均是来自东欧区域的女性候选人,其中一位是联合国的现任官员。

这次遴选与以往最大的不同,就是不再由主要大国闭门商议产生,而是候选人公开亮相和辩论。不过,秘书长候选人要过的第一关还是安理会成员,尤其是握有否决权的五大常任理事国。这个环节是《联合国宪章》规定的,这一次也不例外。

依照联合国宪章,秘书长是由安理会推荐,联合国大会指定的,联合国秘书长的任期为五年,可以连任。联合国秘书长的产生遵循这样的过程:在现任秘书长卸任前,各参选国首先向世界各国通报推人,然后根据通报名单,在经过由五个常任理事国在内的联合国安理会讨论并获同意的情况下,提交到联合国大会,由联合国所有成员国共同投票,获票最多的人,当选下一届联合国秘书长。

还有一条约定俗成的规定,即秘书长人选每十年各大洲轮换一次,可以连选连任。同时一条不成文的规定,五大常任理事国(中、美、俄、法、英)不得参加联合国秘书长的竞争。以往的秘书长人选,基本遵循这样的流程。

依照日程,联合国安理会最迟将在今年7月底前开始讨论工作,以保证联大能够在9、10月份选出最终人选。那么,目前参选人具体有谁?竞聘联合国的最高行政首长,都需要哪些条件?下任秘书长会是女性吗?

今年3月20日“国际幸福日”时,现任联合国秘书长潘基文用六种官方语言来说“快乐”!而对于联合国秘书长这一“国际范儿”职位来说,不仅要有多语言技能,还需要更高的资质。

第70届联合国大会主席吕克托夫特在日前发表的文章中写道,“许多人曾表示,联合国的最高首长要么做一位“秘书”,要么做一位“长官”。这种观点过于简单化了,因为事实上秘书长须兼备这两种职能,乃至发挥更多作用。”

具体来说,联合国秘书长的资质主要包含五个方面:坚定致力于《联合国宪章》的宗旨和原则,在效率、才干和廉正方面需具备最高标准,具备领导和管理才能,具备强大的外交、沟通、多语言技能,在国际关系方面经验广泛。

吕克托夫特那时告诉记者,他们收到了8位候选人提名。其中,克罗地亚第一副总理兼外交和欧洲事务部部长皮习克,来自保加利亚的联合国教科文组织总干事博科娃,摩尔多瓦副总理兼外交和欧洲一体化部部长盖尔曼,以及联合国开发计划署署长、新西兰前总理海伦·克拉克四人皆为女性。

责任编辑:赵逸 CN039
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