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揭秘:被毛泽东点名驱逐的美国外交官

2016-12-30 16:10:11   

扶助蒋介石压制共产党
  蒋介石果然不接受《五条协定草案》,他告诉已担任美国驻华大使的赫尔利,他将拟定一个新的草案,请他说服共产党接受。第二天,宋子文便送来新的草案,即三条反建议,其要点是:“一、国民政府允将中共军队加以改组,承认中共为合法政党。二、中共应将一切军队移交国民政府军委会统辖,国民政府指派中共将领以委员资格参加军委会。三、国民政府之目标为实现三民主义之国家。”
  看着这三条反建议,赫尔利很为难,因为,这与他和毛泽东签署的《五条协定草案》差距太大,毫无疑问,共产党是难以接受的。11月21日,他把“三条反建议”交与周恩来,立即遭到周恩来的质疑:“蒋介石对联合政府态度如何?”
  赫尔利回答:“蒋允许共产党参加政府,只是不愿写在建议上。”
  “这里所说的参加政府和军事委员会,只是挂名,毫无实权,说明国民党无改变一党专政的诚意。”周恩来当即指出并问道:“中国的团结是否以联合政府为前提?联合政府是否是合理、民主的?中共参加政府是否只能当观察者,而没有实权?”
  赫尔利心知理亏,只得以“我只是见证人,而不是当事人”相回避,躲躲闪闪地回答:“联合政府当然是民主的,但是,《五条协定草案》也不是没有可改动之处。中共进入政府是等于无实权,但是,也事在人为,譬如我们议会的议员,有的还能够控制议会。”
  这天,周恩来正式通知赫尔利,他将立刻返回延安。赫尔利慌了,极力挽留周恩来,他说:“联合政府目前尚不可能。参加政府,参加军事委员会,蒋委员长则已答应。我希望你们参加进来,然后一步一步改组。”并且许诺:“只要参加政府,就可获得承认,就可获得美国军官帮助训练和作战,就可获得物资的供应。你们拿到这些东西,就可以强大起来。为什么一定要改组政府呢?”
  周恩来坦诚相告:“联合政府本为毛主席在延安向赫尔利将军提出的,赫尔利将军亦认为合理。至于参加政府及军事委员会之举,即会做到,也不过是做客,毫无实权,无济于事。”赫尔利满以为凭着三寸不烂之舌,再晓以小利,便可以将对方说得心动,没想到却在周恩来面前碰了一鼻子灰。
  赫尔利知道,中共的军队不可能隶属于国民政府,并接受蒋介石的统率,于是,他想出一个“曲线统一”法,向周恩来提出了两条补充意见:一、由美国、国民党、共产党各派一人组织军队整编委员会;二、由美国派一将官任敌后中共军队的总司令,国民党、共产党各派一人为副总司令。赫尔利可谓是机关算尽,想以“仲裁国”的身份,帮助蒋介石实现其不费一枪一弹,便可全部收编共产党武装的愿望。这种严重侵犯主权的企图,当即受到周恩来的严词拒绝。
  赫尔利“曲线统一”不成,干脆赤膊上阵,公然阻止给八路军的正常援助。1月23日,八路军总司令朱德向盟军中国战区参谋长魏德迈申请美元贷款,以用作对日作战经费。赫尔利知道后,立即给美国国务卿发去电报说:“批准朱德将军获得租借物资和财政援助的要求,都将破坏美国的既定政策。这个政策是防止国民政府崩溃,支持蒋介石为政府委员长和军队统帅。”

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