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甲午战争是由于朝鲜爆发东学农民运动而致使中日两国分别出兵朝鲜,结果日本通过突袭中国军队而引发的。由于这种原因,韩国曾有一种观点认为如果没有东学农民战争就不会发生甲午战争,朝鲜也就有可能不沦为殖民地。针对这种认识,有韩国史的学者就指出日本的大陆侵略是早已计划好的,早在东学农民战争爆发之前,日本就已以各种形式展开了对朝鲜的侵略。东学农民运动爆发后,日本在接到朝鲜政府请求清政府派兵的情报当天就决定解散国会、组编混成旅团向朝鲜派兵。农民军进入全州城不过五天,日本就把国家运营体制转换为战时运营体制。如果再往前看的话,在1890年日本首相山县有朋就提出守护主权线、保护利益线的主张,而日本所谓的利益线就是朝鲜。换句话说,日本军部早就开始制订占领朝鲜的战略。因此从1890年起,日本对朝鲜的政策已经转换为军事侵略政策。
由日本对朝鲜的侵略政策又引出一个问题,那就是甲午战争是一场准备好的战争还是一场偶发的战争。比较普遍的看法,这是一场准备好的战争,即日本从中国加强对朝鲜控制之时就开始准备用一场战争将中国势力逐出朝鲜,有学者甚至提出在1879年日本军部就已经制订了征讨中国的计划。上世纪八十年代后开始出现一种新的看法,认为甲午战争是一场偶发的战争,即甲午战争爆发前夕,迫于国际压力,日本与中国展开谈判,试图找到解决问题的途径,但最终没能成功,导致了战争的爆发。不过这种观点影响并不大,韩国学界还是普遍认为甲午战争是日本蓄谋已久的战争。
关于战争对朝鲜的影响,教科书或其他领域的学者都认为甲午战争揭开了朝鲜逐渐沦为殖民地的序幕。但也有韩国史的学者从中朝关系史的角度出发,认为甲午战争后签订的中日《马关条约》规定中国承认朝鲜是“独立自主”的国家,这成为后来朝鲜政府与清政府签订平等的通商条约的基础。最终朝鲜政府与清政府通过谈判在平等的基础上签订了《中韩通商条约》,中朝关系也掀开了新的一页。也有学者从朝鲜知识人对外认识的变化来分析甲午战争的影响,指出甲午战争给朝鲜知识人的对外认识带来巨大的冲击。甲午战争中中国的失败使得当时朝鲜的知识人把优等的白种人和劣等的黑人的对比反映到东亚内部,把胜利的日本当做榜样,视为优等,把失败的中国视为劣等,但“很明显这时的朝鲜知识人并没有正确认识甲午战争的性质和帝国主义的侵略逻辑”。
此外韩国史学者的研究还涉及了甲午战争前后日本人的朝鲜认识、甲午战争期间的民众生活、甲午战争前后日本对朝鲜的侵略等诸多话题,这里就不一一介绍了。
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