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1930年共产国际为何发讣告 让毛泽东“被逝世”?

2016-10-13 15:40:10   周鹏

一次,斯诺问毛泽东:“你是喜欢国家元首那种安定的生活还是喜欢流浪式的战斗生活?”毛泽东不假思索地答道:“我更喜欢过战斗生活。我在长沙战役期间的肠胃消化是多年来最好的。”毛泽东风趣幽默的话语引得斯诺一阵开怀大笑。

斯诺的提问让毛泽东愤怒站起

“如果日本被打败,并被赶出中国,你是否认为外国帝国主义这个主要问题大体上在中国得到了解决?”斯诺笑过之后,提了这一极为严肃的问题。

“是的。”毛泽东略加思索地说。“如果别的帝国主义国家不像日本那样行动,如果中国打败了日本,这就意味着中国人民大众已经觉醒了,已经动员起来并已取得了独立。因此,帝国主义的主要问题也就得到了解决。”

“那在什么条件下,中国能战胜并消灭日本帝国主义的实力呢?”斯诺紧追一句。

“中国要战胜并消灭日本帝国主义,应具备三个条件:一是中国抗日统一战线的完成;二是国际抗日战线的完成;三是日本国内人民和日本殖民地人民革命运动的兴起。就中国人民的立场来说,三个条件中,中国人民的大联合是主要的。”毛泽东脱口而出。对于这个问题他是深思熟虑过的。

“那么依你看,这个战争要延长多长时间?”斯诺的兴趣极浓。“这要看中国抗日统一战线的实力和中日两国其他许多因素变化才能确定。”毛泽东意欲抽烟,可当他摸出烟来只是在鼻子下嗅了嗅,接着谈自己的看法。后来,斯诺不失时机地追问:“你认为苏俄和外蒙会不会卷入中日战争?”

“当然,苏联也不是—个孤立的国家。它不能对远东的事态采取消极态度、漠不关心。它会坐视日本征服全中国,再把中国变成进攻苏联的战略基地呢,还是会帮助中国人民反对日本侵略者、赢得独立、与他们国家建立友好关系呢?我认为苏联是会选择后面这条道路的。”毛泽东自问自答地说,似乎不吐不快。

“假如战争拖得很长,日本没有完全战败,共产党是否同意讲和,并承认日本统治东北?”

斯诺的话音刚落,毛泽东就像被针刺了一下猛地站起,将手中还没有吸的烟狠狠往地上一砸,有些愤怒地说:“绝不可能。中国共产党和中国人民一样,绝不容许日本在中国占领一寸土地!”

多个西方人采访过陕甘宁边区和毛泽东

经过4个月的采访,斯诺对毛泽东和他所领导的军队有了一个较为完整的认识和了解。回到北平后,他把与毛泽东的几次交谈以《共产党领袖毛泽东访问记》为题发表,引起了世界各地的一片哗然。随后,斯诺又以毛泽东的谈话为主干,写成了《红星照耀下的中国》(即后来的《西行漫记》)一书。该书出版发行后,犹如扔在国际政坛上的一枚重磅炸弹,顿时在世界炸开了。

在此前后的几年里,对毛泽东和陕北革命进行国际宣传的除了斯诺外,还有美国著名记者白修德、西德友好人士王安娜博士、埃德加·斯诺的夫人海伦·斯诺、美国海军陆战队军官卡尔逊、杰出的国际主义战士艾格妮丝·史沫特莱、英国物理学家班威廉和夫人克兰尔及美国著名记者、作家安娜·路易斯·斯特朗、塔斯社驻华记者彼得·巴菲诺维奇·弗拉基米洛夫等人。当这些报道以文字、电波等形式迅速传向世界,并使世界从各个侧面认识了这支被国民党、蒋介石称之为“匪”的党派和武装时,毛泽东在舆论的追逐中,一步步走向中国、走向世界,成为世界人民关注的焦点。(编自《文史天地》,作者单位:兰州军区政治部)

责任编辑:张海潮
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