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失民心失天下,蒋介石在大陆失败的这一因素,在台湾这个孤岛照样存在,且隐患巨大。
其次,战略军事压力日渐增大。
随着浙江、福建等东南沿海地区的解放,中共进军台湾的军事准备也在加紧进行。蒋介石还获知,早在1948年7月25日,毛泽东就已致电苏联领导人斯大林, 请求苏联派苏联空军、海军的专家以及飞行员参加解放台湾的军事进攻行动;“中共二号人物”刘少奇向苏联报告,中共准备1950年攻占台湾。斯大林为此同意 提供200架歼击机和80架轰炸机。但由于解放军在金门和登步岛的登陆战失利,毛泽东等人才调整战略,暂缓解放台湾。但是,毛泽东已经委派解放军第四野战 军将领肖劲光组建海军,与第三野战军部队进行渡海训练。尽管这些消息的准确性不得而知,但台湾上下谁都知道,毛泽东和中共解放台湾的军事进攻,不会太远 了。
第三,国际地缘环境持续恶化。
1949年8月5日,杜鲁门政府发布外交问题白皮书《美国与中国之关系:特别着重1944-1949年之一时期》,虽然其代表美国政府认为中国正在“惨遭 一个以外国帝国主义利益为前提之政党所压制”,但仍坚持将蒋介石集团的贪污、腐化、专制、昏庸一一细数,说明蒋介石的失败是咎由自取,并保持于2月24日 宣示的“对华政策,尚宜稍待”的基本方针,对中国现状不闻不问。这个白皮书让蒋介石和“忠贞军民”恨之入骨,有人甚至指出:“这是杜鲁门政府对一个曾经并 肩浴血苦战的盟邦所作的最不公正的缺席审判。”蒋经国则说:“说得难听一点,无异是宣布我政府的死亡证明书,同时暗示如何办理后事。” 为了殖民地香港的利益,英国同样厌弃国民党。12月8日,该国大使弗兰克斯向美国政府抱怨,认为他们不应该重新援华。美国国务卿艾奇逊不得不出面来打消他 的疑虑,不仅否认了美国可能的“援华计划”,还对英国解释说:“福摩萨(即台湾)在战略上并不十分重要,美国不想动用军事力量阻止其落入共产党手中。”
责任编辑:张海潮 CM013
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