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抗战中哪位开国大将组建红色“御林军”拱卫延安?

2016-04-18 14:02:52   中国共产党新闻网

  二

  1938年初春,萧劲光和罗瑞卿、刘亚楼、郭化若几人应邀来到毛泽东住的窑洞。事先,他们并不知道毛泽东此番请他们来的真实目的。

  “大概又要打大仗啰。”刘亚楼的脑子就像一部精密的仪器,每个细胞都活跃在军事版图上。

  “我估计,一定是什么重大军事问题需要解决。”罗瑞卿估摸着毛泽东请来的人都是几个在延安的军事理论方面颇有造诣的将领,便如此猜测。

  萧劲光没吭声。这几次去毛泽东那里,他都看到毛泽东伏在案前或凝目沉思,或挥笔疾书,想必很快会有一个重大的战略理论出台。

  见到几位爱将,毛泽东开门见山:“请你们来,主要是谈谈抗日游击战争的战略问题。”

  萧劲光心里有了底。上次毛泽东给自己布置了任务,他认真做了准备,写了一厚本,今天也带来了。

  “今天你们是老师,我呢,是学生。不过,我这个学生可是要给老师出题目的。”毛泽东沉思片刻,接着说,“比如,游击战争有没有可能提到战略位置?这是一个题目。游击战争应当采取什么样的指导原则?这是又一个题目。游击战争的实施阶段……”他一连出了几个题目,然后环视一圈问道:“每人一题,谁先讲啊?”

  “主席,这些题目太大,你得容我们考虑考虑。”罗瑞卿先发言道。

  “我们今天是研究问题,不是形成决策,大家可以随便讲,讲对讲错都没关系。”

  见大家都不说话,毛泽东一挥手打破了屋内的沉寂。

  “萧劲光,我听了几次你在留守兵团军事轮训班上的课,我看你对战争的指导原则似乎挺有研究,你先谈谈游击战争的指导原则吧。”

  虽说毛泽东是临时点将,但萧劲光是有备而来,便不慌不忙地说了起来。

  “我认为,游击战争的指导原则,就是要在军事上想方设法使自己处于主动的地位。因而要坚决果断地采取主动的进攻方略,善于集中优势兵力,灵活地有计划地运用兵力。”萧劲光先提出一个论点,接着逐一阐述开来:“当敌人进攻的时候,采取单纯防御,分兵把口,以致被敌人各个击破,是游击战争中指挥者的戒条。必须采取积极的进攻方略,集中主力消灭或削弱敌人,以进攻的方略来争取主动地位。”“兵力的灵活运用,是变被动为主动的重要手段。好像渔人打鱼一样,既要撒得开,又要收得拢。”

  “唔,撒得开,收得拢……”听了萧劲光的这个比喻,毛泽东若有所思地打着手势:“说下去,说下去。”萧劲光继续说:“游击战争要取得胜利,离不开它的计划性。无论是整个游击区的行动或是单个游击部队或游击兵团的行动,事先都应尽可能地严密计划……”

  萧劲光说的是游击战争的问题,总结的是他自苏联回国以来军事实践正反两方面的教训。他对这些教训深有体会,刻骨铭心。

  “主动性、灵活性、计划性,我很赞成。”毛泽东听完萧劲光的发言后说道,“有一点讲得不够明确,就是集中兵力的问题。在敌强我弱的抗日战争中,在战略上,我们必须强调以分散的游击战为主,而不是集中兵力的大兵团作战。集中兵力的提法,只能用在战役战斗上,相对集中数倍于敌人的兵力,达到歼灭战的目的……”

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