军事 > 军事历史
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China

抗战胜利后蒋介石曾为获英美支持而放弃收复香港

2016-04-14 09:18:01   综合

抗战胜利后的香港(资料图)

每年的7月1日是香港回归祖国的纪念日,但是很少有人知道,1945年抗战胜利后,中国军队曾有机会收回香港,让“东方之珠”提前52年回归祖国,然而蒋介石为获得美英的支持,发动内战,屈从于美英压力,在最后关头放弃了收回香港的主张。

1942年蒋介石要求英国归还香港

1941 年太平洋战争爆发后,在日军的猛烈进攻下,英军节节败退,英国政府不得不请求中国派兵支援英国军队。蒋介石于是打算趁此良机收回香港。1942年,蒋介石 向英国提出了收回香港的要求,为实现这一愿望,他在访问印度期间会见了印度独立运动领袖甘地和尼赫鲁等人,表示支持印度的独立要求,以促使英国在远东的殖 民体系瓦解。蒋介石这一姿态在国内掀起了反对帝国主义,要求废除不平等条约的浪潮,并在国际上得到了广泛同情。

英国出于需要中国出兵保卫其 殖民地缅甸和印度的目的,主动提出与中国进行废除不平等条约及签订新约的谈判。谈判之初,蒋介石坚持收回香港,然而,英国人从内心里并不想交还香港,谈判 只是权宜之计,为的是让蒋介石能够坚持抗日,以减少英军在太平洋战场上的压力。随着战争向有利于盟军的方向发展,英国在香港问题上也日趋强硬。在1943 年的开罗会议上,中英就香港问题展开了交锋,但丘吉尔直接回绝了蒋介石,蛮横地宣称:“不经过战争,休想从英国拿走任何东西!”在英国人的威逼利诱下,蒋介石的立场逐步软化,最终放弃了将收回香港这一内容写入新条约,仅仅要求英国在口头上承诺在战后同中国商讨九龙问题。中国军队准备从日军手中接收香港

1945 年8月15日,日本宣布投降后,香港问题重新摆到了桌面上。此时的形势对中国收回香港极为有利,因为按照远东盟军统帅麦克阿瑟发布的第一号受降令:凡在中 国(满洲除外)台湾、越南北纬16度以北地区之日军,均应向中国军队投降。香港就位于北纬16度以北地区,而且在战争期间隶属于中国第二方面军所辖战区的 一部分,因此许多人建议蒋介石趁机派兵进驻香港,然后再与英国交涉。蒋介石于是命第二方面军司令张发奎将新一军和十三军集结于靠近香港的宝安地区,准备接 收香港。然而英国政府却拒绝接受麦克阿瑟的受降令。8月18日,英国新任首相艾德礼致电美国总统杜鲁门,要求杜鲁门指示麦克阿瑟重新发布命令,让驻港日军 向英军投降。

其实,恢复在香港的殖民统治是英国的既定政策。为了重占香港,1944年初,英国政府就成立了一个名叫香港计划小组的机构,负 责策划恢复殖民统治的事宜,并确定了战后武力占领香港的方针,准备在战争后期出动军队不惜一切代价攻占香港。为配合军事行动,英国还向香港派遣了大批间 谍。日本投降前夕,英国派人秘密联络被日军囚禁的港英政府官员,要求他们与日军交涉,为英军重占香港做准备。

1945年8月13日,英国命令海军少将夏壳率领一支特遣舰队开赴香港。为配合海军的行动,英国派出了大约一个师的陆军兵力前往香港。

在 派出军队的同时,英国也对美国展开了外交攻势。英国人很清楚,在香港归属问题上,美国的天平倾向于谁,香港就将归谁所有。在中国这边,蒋介石虽然已经集结 了部队,做好了进入香港的准备,但他却迟迟没有下达进军香港的命令。蒋介石知道,将来发动内战,不能少了英美两国的援助,若此时出兵香港,必然会失去英国 的支持。于是,蒋介石连续两次声明中国无意以武力收回香港,希望这件事能通过“外交”途径来解决。他还向美国派出了使节,去寻求美国的支持,幻想通过美国 的干涉来实现香港的回归。杜鲁门转向支持英国蒋介石措手不及。

上一页1/2下一页
责任编辑:汤鹏霏 CM015
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/military/62/20160414/22431986.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/03/02 06:16:13

Powered by China
China