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重庆会议时蒋介石曾准备让毛泽东出任偏远省份主席

2016-04-14 09:01:11   综合

蒋 介石与毛泽东进行了单独谈话。--陪同毛泽东前往重庆的胡乔木回忆,在重庆,蒋介石与毛泽东会面有十一次之多,大多是在公开场合,但两人的几次重要会谈都 是秘密的,蒋介石开出了价码:承认解放区事实上是绝对行不通的,在中共真正做到军令政令统一之后,各县的行政人员经中央考核后酌情留任,省一级人员乃至省 主席可以考虑邀请中共人士担任。关于政治问题,国民政府正考虑把战时国防最高委员会改组为政治会议,各党派代表都可以参加,但是中央政府的组织和人事暂不 变动。如果中共方面现在就想参加政府,可以考虑。也可以增加中共在国民大会的代表名额,但是现在的国民代表不能重选。关于军队问题,国民政府能够允许的最 高限度是:中共军队整编为十二个师。

坐在蒋介石对面的毛泽东不置可否。共产党方面已经得到关于蒋介石谈判底线的情报,这份由 中共南方局提供的情报相当准确:蒋介石在军队问题上最后可能让步到十六个师,国民大会的代表名额可以让步到百分之七。至于蒋介石说的省主席一职可以考虑邀 请中共人士担任,情报援引国民党内部人士的说法是:到非让步不可的时候,蒋介石准备让毛泽东出任新疆省政府主席。无法得知,当毛泽东听说蒋介石准备让他出 任中国一个偏远省份的“主席”时,是一种什么样的心境?

除了对共产党提出的“承认蒋先生在全国的领导地位”这一条表示“不胜赞佩”之外,国 民党方面对其他问题没有任何让步的迹象。就在国共两党艰难地讨价还价的时候,参与谈判的美国驻华大使赫尔利的态度突然强硬起来,原因是他必须带着国共谈判 的某种成果回国述职。于是,赫尔利不耐烦地宣称:要么承认国民党统一,要么宣布谈判破裂。毛泽东对赫尔利说,我们的态度是:不承认,也不破裂,问题复杂, 还要讨论。

赫尔利空手回美国去了。

蒋介石焦躁不安。在他看来,毛泽东和共产党人依旧是 “匪”。而之所以还要与毛泽东周旋,其目的,蒋介石在给各战区司令长官的密令中表述得明白无误:“目前与奸党谈判,乃系窥测其要求与目的,以拖延时间,缓 和国际视线,俾国军抓紧时机,迅速收复沦陷区中心城市。待国军控制所有战略据点、交通线,将寇军完全受降后,再以有利之优越军事形势与奸党作具体谈判。彼 如不能在军令政令统一原则下屈服,即以土匪清剿之。”

毛泽东也十分疲惫,但是只要和谈的期待还有,他就必须坚持下去。毛泽东 出席了由孙中山之子孙科举行的盛大酒会,与宋庆龄、冯玉祥、邵力子、张治中、沈钧儒、郭沫若、傅斯年等一一举杯。他把《沁园春·雪》赠给了辛亥前辈柳亚子 --这首一九三六年冬天写于共产党人艰苦转战中的诗作,以傲视群雄的气概再次令蒋介石“深受刺激”。他还出席了包括白崇禧在内的国民党军高级将领举行的欢 迎宴会或茶话会。他主动宴请各界朋友,从政界、军界、文化界到产业界。他甚至看望了一向反共的陈立夫和戴季陶。

但是,令人担忧的事情还是出 现了。此时,美军不但占领了从广州湾到秦皇岛的沿海各大城市和交通要道,还动用飞机和军舰日夜兼程地帮国民党军运送兵力。更严重的是,国民党中统局拟定了 以“蒋总统要经常咨询国事”为借口扣留毛泽东于重庆的计划。延安给毛泽东发来电报,建议毛泽东回来。毛泽东的态度是:继续留在重庆。同时,在有把握的情况 下,反击胡宗南、阎锡山、傅作义向解放区发动的进攻,打几个大胜仗支援重庆谈判。

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