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抗战时敌后国军曾达百万 为何最终却“降将如潮”

2015-10-13 16:51:24   中国新闻网

然而,国民党部队的这些敌后抗日根据地,战绩却十分糟糕,在日军的进攻下连连败退、损兵折将。例如,1941年5月的中条山战役,日军用前后不过30天时间就大败国军的20万人,致使中条山根据地陷落。据日方统计,中国军队此役被俘3.5万人,遗弃尸体约4.2万具,日军战死仅679名,负伤2292名。蒋介石称此役为“抗战史上最大之耻辱”。

更令人唏嘘不已的是,在国民党敌后抗战队伍中出现了“降官如毛、降将如潮”的丑陋局面,数十万国军先后投降当了伪军。

相反,中共领导下的敌后根据地,却从只有不过150万人口的陕甘宁边区迅速扩展到10多个省;武装力量也从最初的数万人,发展到近百万。

国共两军战果何以大相径庭

游击战的基本原则是扎根民众、化整为零、灵活机动地相机打击敌人,而国军在游击战原则的任何一条上都难以做到家,以至于在敌后抗战方面表现出了严重的“水土不服”。这一点从日军的视角可一斑,日军在一份报告评价国军游击战时称有五大弱点:“1.各游击队常互争地盘,自相火拼;2.缺乏大员统率,彼此不能密切联系,易于各个击破;3.缺乏优良武器,不能作阵地战;4.正规游击队虽破坏力强,但对人民滥施权威,致不得民众之信仰;5.非正规之游击队分子复杂,大多为土匪散兵结构而成,战斗力既不强且领导者俱是匪首流氓,甚少有国家观念,易以利相诱。”

国民党将领白崇禧也曾经说过:“有人认为打游击乃保存实力之作法,殊不知敌后游击,任务极为艰巨,因补给困难,且多半以寡抵众,以弱抵强,故必须官兵加倍淬厉奋发,机警勇敢,绝非保存实力者所能胜任。”

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