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解放军大校:美军难打赢IS

2015-12-03 08:47:40   中国新闻网

美国以文化战略为主,经济和军事战略为辅,成功肢解了以苏联为首的华约阵营,接着以冷战中积蓄的新军事势能,发起海湾战争——掀起以精确制导武器为特征的“信息(其实是传感器)化”军事革命,又以内部瓦解、外部干涉的新模式发起科索沃战争。进入21世纪,美国文化和军事的两只战争手交替挥舞,搅得世界周天寒彻。

未来学家阿尔文·托夫勒在《力量转移——临近21世纪时的知识、财富和暴力》中说:“世界已经离开了暴力与金钱控制的时代,而未来世界政治的魔方将控制在拥有信息的强人手里,他们会使用手中掌握的网络控制权、信息发布权,利用英语这种强大的文化语言优势,达到暴力和金钱无法征服的目的。”在人类刚刚进入21世纪时,全球也不过只有3.6亿网民,但在今天,这个数字已经突破了20亿。网络语言、网络文化、网络经济……世界已经在美国之后鱼贯进入网络时代。

“互联网+战争”于是成为自然而然的事情。

如果把初始的冷兵器时代战争算做第一代,当下世界的战争形态正在进入第七代。热兵器时代、蒸汽机半机械化时代是在陆海二维平面空间进行;内燃机机械化立体战争开辟陆海空三维立体空间;核武器时代,洲际导弹开辟第四维太空空间;电子信息化时代开辟第五维电磁空间;当前正在发生着的第六代信息、网络化革命,除覆盖前五大空间之外,还将开辟思想或心理空间等六维空间,诞生第七代战争。

从“沙漠风暴”到“网络风暴”

正如核爆炸发生在临界点被突破一样,美国在完成网络化社会转型之后,其战略思维也瞬间发生了“核裂变”——它发现了网络时代思想无国界的现实引发的世界无政府主义。

美国科幻作家威廉·吉布森说:“我们正在创造一个新世界,人人都可以进入这个世界,而不必考虑由种族、经济力、武力、出生地而来的特权或偏见……”想想看,这“新世界”宣言对于激情澎湃渴望革故鼎新的青年人有着怎样的号召力?而青年人正好是网络的主要使用者,是“赛博空间”虚拟世界的主要“居民”。

美国正是看到这一时代巨变即将在现实世界引发的政治地震和海啸,顺势而为,制造了一场又一场“颜色革命”。美国国防部委托兰德公司写过一份美国全球软实力的战略报告,明确提出要在世界各地扩张网络连接,特别是要连接到那些不喜欢美国思想观念的国家,通过网络向世界发起思想进军。

2009年11月,美国网络安全公司发布报告《近在眼前:走进网络大战的时代》认为,大国正积蓄力量,以利用网络控制战争。备战网络战争的国家,以美国、以色列、俄罗斯和法国最积极。报告称“全球已经进入网络冷战的时代”。话音刚落,2010年突尼斯发生“茉莉花革命”,军队还没有从茫然无措中回过神来,政权已改换门庭。美国媒体说“它立即创造了历史——突尼斯成为阿拉伯世界首个通过公民暴动推翻其领导人的国家,或者更确切地说是网民,这得益于突尼斯先进的现代通信基础建设、互联网的普及和手机移动网络的数字化”。

从1991年“沙漠风暴”到2010年“网络风暴”,从军事意义上物理传感器的信息化战争,到政治意义上心理传导性网络化战争,在20年的时间里,“战争”的外观和本质都发生了巨变,再也无法削足适履地被传统军事概念所包括。

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