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微型无人机渐成各国军队大患

2015-11-02 08:52:17   环球网

佐克还透露,反无人机的关键是发现,“用常规雷达很难找到微型无人机,但只要能找到,事情就变得简单了,和小孩子在自家后院用弹弓打鸟差不多”。“复仇者”防空系统的演练结果也表明,能否有效打击无人机取决于在多远距离上发现它们。“发现无人机的距离越远,拦截、击落它们的几率就越高”。

激光或成“银子弹”

佐克认为,“‘反无人机行动’已超出单纯军事活动的范畴,涉及的技术领域十分繁杂,需要政府各部门、军方各军种通力合作。在目前军费紧缩的背景下,还需要军工企业的密切配合,才能精打细算地从各种解决方案中挑选出最佳组合。”

据悉,目前美英两国的军工企业已在反无人机领域展开合作,美国API技术公司和英国布莱特监控系统公司正合作开发能在8千米内探测到小型无人机的多普勒雷达。俄罗斯则在武器系统之间的合作上作了尝试,该国联合仪器制造集团声称已将一种微波武器安装在“山毛榉”防空导弹发射车上,可在10千米范围内使无人机电子设备失灵。尽管许多专家认为微波武器的作用范围达不到10千米,但他们对该武器的开发思路仍表示肯定。

“反无人机最重要的不是击毁,而是使其失能,”佐克说,“未来的反无人机作战很有可能发生在城市环境中,在民众头顶把它们打成碎片不是最佳选择。我们要想办法使其失去作战能力,或掌握其控制权,引导它们飞向无害区域。”有鉴于此,军事专家认为激光有可能成为一种有效武器,“在对付无人机时,高功率激光既可以迅速击毁目标,也可以通过损坏无人机的关键部件使其失能,而且激光发射成本低、射速快、操作灵活,堪称对付无人机的‘银子弹’(意指解决问题的王牌)。”

据称,韩国军方目前已经将反无人机激光系统的研制和部署列入日程。韩联社报道称,韩国国防事业厅已制定“光纤激光武器系统”的研制计划,该计划从2014年10月开始,将持续至2016年3月。一旦这种武器成功部署,韩军拦截无人机的准确率将大大提高。张晓红 张韶华

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