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美军授出高速垂直起降飞机新合同 将替代“鱼鹰”

2014-06-13 14:26:05   中国新闻网

中新网6月12日电 据中国国防科技信息网报道,极光飞行科学公司设计师进入美国“高速垂直起降飞机(VTOL)”项目下一阶段的设计。该飞机将用于替代目前V-22“鱼鹰”倾转旋翼机。

9日,美国国防高级研究计划局(DARPA)的官员称授予极光飞行科学公司“高速垂直起降验证机项目”(VTOL X-Plane)1B阶段的合同,该合同金额为1050万美元。而在上周,DARPA授予西科斯基公司“高速垂直起降验证机项目”1B阶段的价值1000万美元合同。极光飞行科学公司和西科斯基公司是参与“高速垂直起降验证机项目”四家美国公司中的两家,另外两家是卡雷姆飞机公司以及波音防务空间与安全部。在今年初和去年底,这四家公司均获得“高速垂直起降验证机项目”1A阶段的合同。目前,西科斯基和极光飞行科学公司进入1B阶段。该阶段包括初期设计、技术孵化、建模与仿真、飞机布局以及部件级测试。

极光飞行科学公司正在完善公司的“快速打击”垂直起降飞机概念。该概念主要针对高效悬停和高速飞行设计,以提高性能和实现大得有效载重。“快速打击”将推进系统和装备空气动力学一体化。与此同时,西科斯基公司完善无人旋翼吹气机翼概念,固定翼空气动力学和选进旋翼控制系统进行集成,提供一个低复杂度配置。

DARPA官员称,他们希望将1B阶段合同授予所有四家参与“高速垂直起降验证机项目”的合同商,并在其中选择一家进入本项目第二阶段。但如果合同商未能满足合同要求,DARPA将有权终止其进入1B阶段研究。

DARPA“高速垂直起降验证机项目”是一个合同额1.3亿美元的项目。通过4年时间完成验证机的飞行。要求该验证机飞行速度高于300节,75%以上的悬停效率以及10以上的巡航升阻比。

“高速垂直起降验证机项目”旨在融合固定翼飞机和直升机的相关技术,从而在根本上改善垂直起飞和悬停、高速巡航飞行能力。最终,美国军方将用DARPA“高速垂直起降验证机项目”的相关技术来设计出V-22鱼鹰倾转旋翼机的替代机型。鱼鹰最高速度为275节。DARPA“高速垂直起降验证机项目”的目标将使高速垂直起降飞机速度达到至少300节,与小型喷气公务机的速度相当。“高速垂直起降验证机项目”希望悬停效率达到75%以上,巡航升阻比达到10以上,有效载荷至少占全机起飞重量的40%。(该机起飞重量为10000~12000磅)

四家合同商中只有一家可进入本项目第二、三阶段,将进行改进设计、发展、集成以及飞行演示验证。第一次飞行演示验证安排在2017年春季。

极光飞行科学公司将在弗吉尼亚州马纳萨斯、印第安纳波利斯、亚利桑那州图森以及加州与文图拉开展本合同相关工作。预计2015年10月完成。(王鹏)

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