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美高官首度承认南海是美方最高国家利益 中方回应

2016-07-15 10:43:50   观察者网

事实上,不仅是澳大利亚,南海海域早已是全球货物和能源运输最重要的航道之一。

2014年,全球有一半以上的商船通过南海海域在印度洋和太平洋之间穿行,全球25%以上的货物,以及25%(最近已上升至35%)以上的原油,需通过新加坡以南的马六甲海峡进出南海。

南海海域,已经成为世界货物和原油贸易的最繁忙的海域之一,日本、菲律宾、韩国、新加坡、澳大利亚、印度、沙特等等美国“盟友”之间的贸易联系,乃至美国本身至中东的贸易航路,绕开南海都是不经济的。

全球35%的海运原油需通过马六甲海峡进出南海

因此,全球原油和航运市场对南海仲裁尤为关注,他们担心事件会加剧这条重要航道的地缘政治冲突。

虽然船运商和原油交易商表示,他们并不认为这个裁决会立即影响航运,但油价在裁决公布后还是出现了下跌。总部在伦敦的国际航运协会(International Chamber of Shipping)的秘书长辛科利夫(Peter Hinchliffe)称:

“确保商船能够在全球海洋合法通行至关重要。我们未来几周一定会密切关注事态发展。”

新加坡海运协会(Singapore Shipping Association)会长鲍尔森(Esben Poulsson)表示,任何限制商业船只合法通行和自由航行的行动都可能推高航运成本,对海运贸易造成有害冲击。

路透船运数据显示,任何时候都有大约25艘超大型油轮(VLCC)在南沙群岛和西沙群岛之间穿行,它们运载的石油足够满足日本11天的需求。

张文木:夏威夷到关岛、菲律宾,再到马六甲一线是美国的战略核心利益线

我国地缘政治学者张文木早在2009年就曾在《环球时报》刊文指出,美国作为世界头号海权强国,从夏威夷到关岛、菲律宾,再到马六甲一线进入印度洋乃至中东的航线,是其生命线。美国要保的关键目标是马六甲海峡,这是不容他人染指的美国的核心利益。

同时,日本的战略目标是打通经中国台湾南进南海,乃至东南亚和印度洋的战略通道,在这一目标下,台湾便是日本尽管非法但却是至今不愿放弃的核心利益。

美国盟友澳大利亚制作的国际贸易示意图,红色粗线是全球最主要航道,与美国战略核心利益线重合

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