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我军面临与外军技术差距拉大

2016-01-07 10:45:57   解放军报

战争时空观发生深刻变化。与以全球快速打击为标志的新机动手段革命和以新概念武器为标志的新打击手段革命相适应,新一代实体机动技术和新概念武器技术整体取得突破性进展。基于科技革命的重大创新突破,物联网、云计算、大数据、人工智能、3D打印、脑电波控制、光传操纵技术、网络无线入侵等新一代信息技术呈“井喷式”涌现。以纳米技术为核心的新材料技术,以定向能、动能为代表的新概念武器技术,尤其是临近空间技术、高超声速技术、智能机器人技术的飞跃式发展和整体性突破,使战争的时空特性和战争时空观发生革命性变化。新质武器平台技术和智能弹药技术层出不穷,作战空间日益向太空、近地空间、网络和电磁空间、深海和极地等“全球公域”拓展,战争空间急剧膨胀。尤其是太空和网络成为军事竞争新的制高点,作战由原来稠密大气层空间局部快速攻防,演变为大气层、临近空间、太空乃至深远太空的宇宙空间全立体超高速攻防;被称为“21世纪闪电战”的网络战,具有以光速进攻、超越国界、离散分布、无平时战时之分等特点。以激光武器为代表的定向能武器日益实战化,将极大地改变传统弹药的杀伤机理,打击、摧毁目标的时间呈现出纳秒化趋势,从根本上打破传统战争时空观。

军事创新和转型加速推进。信息技术的发展,使战争较量由技术对抗转向智能对抗。以信息技术为支撑,计算机技术、遗传工程、光导纤维、激光、海洋开发、空间探索等技术群蓬勃兴起和广泛应用,使全球新一轮技术革命呈现出新的特点。通过运用大数据技术、云计算技术、建模仿真技术、网络技术等构建的综合集成系统,可推演和验证战略构想。军事仿真技术的飞速发展从根本上改变了军事战略的创新模式,这种综合集成的人机智能推演和创新系统,不但能进行战略演习、作战指挥控制、战斗保障、后方勤务,而且能进行人员训练、军事科研和行政管理方面的工作。据科技界预测,当今世界正处于新一轮科技革命的前夜,以新生物学和再生革命为核心的科技创新,将加速催生神经武器、网络战士和仿生战士等;以新物理学的时空革命为核心的科技创新,将进一步加剧“制天权”“制脑权”的争夺,主体学科和关键技术的不断突破,使世界范围的军事创新和转型加速推进。

战略优势对技术突破的依赖度加剧

技术进步尤其是颠覆性技术在军事领域的广泛运用,是不以人的意志为转移的,它强力推动着世界新军事革命,使战争形态演变不断突破传统认知范畴。认识和把握战争制胜规律,必须从战略高度深刻洞察战争制胜机理。

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