其他频道
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China

中国抗战历史的转折点是哪场战役?

2018-01-10 10:58:42   

战争初期,日本人叫嚣三个月内灭亡中国,也许咱们觉得可笑,但是日本人提出这个说法不是没有根据的。当时的中国四分五裂,日本人认为中国不团结,只要给予中国一定的打击中国就会投降,或许可以鼓动地方军阀反对中央政府,就像清灭明一样。但是1937的中国已经不是1900的中国,中国的民族意识已经觉醒,日本的侵略,促进了中华民族的空前团结,团结的中华民族是不可战胜的。孙中山先生的伟大就在于此,他唤醒了中国的民族意识。

淞沪会战,国民政府投入大量兵力与日本作战,失败后继续坚持抵抗。日本人认为攻占南京国民政府就会投降,于是倾力进攻南京。南京沦陷,但是国民政府迁往武汉,继续抵抗。武汉是中国的中心,于是日本人认为攻下武汉就可逼迫国民政府投降,于是举倾国之力向武汉推进。

中国方面,卢沟桥事变后,正值国际九国公约组织即将开会。蒋介石为了吸引国际关注,争取美英出面调停,以及争取国际的同情和支持。决定将日军引向上海,展示中国的抗战决心,于是在上海发动了对日军的进攻,淞沪会战由此爆发。国民政府战略目的有二,一是上海是国际性大都市,能吸引国际注意力,且更容易触动列强利益,促使列强出面干涉;二是中国的门户皆在北方,自太行山以西晋陕川乃是国家根本,若日本人从华北出兵,越过太行山,攻陷陕西,威胁四川,东南地区虽大,却无险可守。历来偏居东南的政权都无力收复国土。如果将日军引向东南,中国可以层层阻击,消耗日本有生力量,东南大量地区,日军要分兵驻守,也可以分散日军兵力。这样最后可以在晋豫鄂湘赣一带山区行成对峙,等待时机。这基本就是国民政府的战略,而抗日战争最后的发展基本是沿着这一战略发展的。

战争开始,日本并没有准备与中国长期作战,一昧的猛烈进攻,希望迫使中国投降,推进迅速。仅仅一年左右就推进到中国中心地带,武汉地区。而中国军队也因为调配不当,蒙受了巨大损失。武汉会战,中国做了充分的部署,战略目的也很明确——消耗日军,保存有生力量。抗日战争中最大的战役,也是抗日战争的转折点在此拉开序幕。


武汉会战中,国民政府从淞沪会战、南京保卫战等前期抗战经历中吸取教训,不在固守一城一地,而是在武汉外围大范围内阻击日军,消耗日军力量,最后又主动撤出武汉,保存了有生力量。而日军则在武汉会战中消耗了大量军力、财力、物力。国民政府公布的歼敌数字是25.6万,日本自己公布的数字是3.55万,两者皆有水分,折中一下10万差不多。军队的损失不是最重要的,重要的是日本为了维系战争,国内资源也已经逐渐枯竭,经济濒临崩溃,武汉保卫战时日军甚至连军校学员的步枪都回收起来,用以装备新组建的部队。到1939年,日本的军费支出已经达到了61.56亿日元,而1937年卢沟桥事变前日本的黄金储备和货币发行准备金加在一起都只有13.5亿日元。日本的战略储备消耗殆尽。而庞大的占领区,使日军兵力捉襟见肘。从此日本再无力发动大规模的以攻城略地为目的的进攻性战役(只有1944年孤注一掷的豫湘桂战役),转而将精力投向稳定占领区。中国的抗日战争由战略退却转向战略相持。

上一页1/2下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001138/20180110/31936279.html
Server: cms-9-157
Date: 2026/01/11 00:19:47

Powered by China
China