其他频道
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China

宋仁宗时经济文化都发达,为何还会被西夏暴打?

2018-05-14 11:56:11   

一:灰头土脸的宋仁宗

“积贫积弱”的北宋年间,宋仁宗赵祯,算是个口碑不错的皇帝。这位皇帝在位时一心休养生息,北宋的经济文明建设,全是红红火火。以北宋当时的好评说,真是“百事不会,只会做官家(皇帝)”。可就是这位“会做皇帝”的宋仁宗,却也撞上了一件窝囊事:被西夏暴打。

宋仁宗年间时,长期在西北磨刀霍霍的西夏国主李元昊,终于悍然扯旗自立,朝着北宋王朝呼啸扑来。好脾气的宋仁宗也拍案大怒,《澶渊之盟》后歇班多年的北宋精兵,陆续投入宋夏战争。

满以为还能像宋真宗年间时,出手就把这不知天高地厚的西夏打趴下。却不料出手就碰头破血流,先是好水川之战中了埋伏,数万宋军覆没;然后又有三川口战役和定川寨战役,过程如出一辙,都是志在必得的宋军大败亏输,杀得朝野一片哗然。

好在边疆将士浴血奋战,四年宋夏战争,也给了西夏不少重创,终于杀得李元昊硬着头皮求和。北宋也一如既往花钱买太平,一边给西夏岁币,一边怕辽国趁火打劫,又咬着牙给辽国加岁币。连挨打带赔钱,总算换得一时平安。但如果参考下北宋兴衰脉络,宋仁宗年间的这场宋夏战争,后果就是北宋国防又添一坑,为了防御西夏,之后的近百年间,北宋精锐部队陆续西调,河北防卫空虚,财政国防危机空前严重。一百年后靖康之耻的伏笔,这时起几乎全埋下。

那么问题来了,为什么常规禁军兵力近百万,且正处于经济繁荣时代的北宋,会被人口兵力少得多的西夏,看上去各种落后的西夏,活活打成这样呢?一幅陇西洞窟中的壁画或许会给我们答案。

二:壁画里的西夏高科技

安西榆林窟,位于甘肃省瓜州县城南约70公里处的峡谷中。这里历经从唐到清各个朝代的建造和整修,是同莫高窟在内容、艺术风格、绘画形式方面一脉相承的文化宝库。

在榆林窟中保存的西夏壁画中有“锻冶图”,画中两个铁匠手持铁锤,在铁砧上锤炼,另有一人推拉双木肩风箱。而这种风箱利用双木扇可以推拉互用,将风连续吹入炼炉,可以使炉中始终保持高温,这可以说是当时非常先进的冶锻技术了。

拥有领先当世的冶炼技术,西夏也因此制造出了很多神兵利器。诸如犀利无比的西夏剑、可以向各个方向发弹的旋风炮、能穿透重甲的木羽箭等等,都在战场上发挥了重要作用。此外,注重骑兵进攻的西夏军队所使用的马鞍和铠甲更是十分精良。据史书记载,西夏马鞍带有钩索绳,可以将骑兵固定在马背上,即便士兵战死也不会从马背上掉落,可谓真正的“人马合一”。盔甲方面,西夏有名的“瘊子甲”以冷锻技术打造而成,甲面坚滑光莹,硬度极高,非强弩不能入也。到了冬季,由于西北天气特别寒冷,西夏人将牛羊骆驼毛结合瘊子甲加工制成毡铠甲,不仅可以御寒,而且能抵御刀剑和弓矢,可谓一甲多用。

上一页1/2下一页
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China

相关阅读

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
分享到:
0 0
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China

美图推荐

404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China

为您推荐

加载更多>>
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China
404 Not Found

404 Not Found

Sorry for the inconvenience.
Please report this message and include the following information to us.
Thank you very much!

URL: http://3g.china.com:8080/act/history/13001135/20180514/32408045.html
Server: cms-8-252
Date: 2025/12/13 18:41:20

Powered by China
China