人工智能的研究与开发正在迅速推进。也许科学研究应该暂停片刻，从而使研究重点从提升人工智能能力转移到最大化人工智能的社会效益上面。基于这样的考虑，美国人工智能协会（AAAI）于2008至2009年，成立了人工智能长期未来总筹论坛［原文：PresidentialPanel on Long-Term AI Futures］，他们近期在目的导向的中性技术上投入了大量的关注。但我们的人工智能系统的原则依然须要按照我们的意志工作。跨学科研究可能是一条可能的前进道路：从经济、法律、哲学延伸至计算机安全、形式化方法，当然还有人工智能本身的各个分支。

Everything that civilization has to offer， is a product of human intelligence， and I believe there is no real difference between what can be achieved by a biological brain， and what can be achieved by a computer。 It therefore follows that computers can， in theory， emulate human intelligence， and exceed it。 But we don’t know。 So we can not know if we will be infinitely helped by AI， or ignored by it and side-lined， or conceivably destroyed by it。 Indeed， we have concerns that clever machines will be capable of undertaking work currently done by humans， and swiftly destroy millions of jobs。

文明所提产生的一切都是人类智能的产物，我相信生物大脑总有一天会达到计算机可以达到的程度，没有本质区别。因此，它遵循了“计算机在理论上可以模仿人类智能，然后超越”这一原则。但我们并不确定，所以我们无法知道我们将无限地得到人工智能的帮助，还是被藐视并被边缘化，或者很可能被它毁灭。的确，我们担心聪明的机器将能够代替人类正在从事的工作，并迅速地消灭数以百万计的工作岗位。

While primitive forms of artificial intelligence developed so far， have proved very useful， I fear the consequences of creating something that can match or surpass humans。 AI would take off on its own， and re-design itself at an ever increasing rate。 Humans， who are limited by slow biological evolution， couldn‘t compete， and would be superseded。 It will bring great disruption to our economy。 And in the future， AI could develop a will of its own， a will that is in conflict with ours。 Although I am well-known as an optimist regarding the human race， others believe that humans can command the rate of technology for adecently long time， and that the potential of AI to solve many of the world’s problems will be realized。 I am not so sure。