天津绒花:头上有抹红,才算是过年

2019-01-25 15:12:06    中华网文化

年画、剪纸、绒花、灯笼……在过去,这些天津人寓意吉祥的新年必备之物都是手工制作的。历代传承着幽默细胞的天津人,好喜庆、图乐呵,也真心诚意想用一些他们心中的吉祥之物来装点节日、美化生活,于是上述种种便逐渐演变成了当地人过大年的一种艺术化习俗。

天津绒花:头上有抹红,才算是过年

除了同大部分地区人们一样,过年要穿红色的喜庆色之外,天津人还发明出了自己独特的庆年方式——红绒花头饰。在过去,每到新春佳节,当地无论是大姑娘小媳妇儿,还是孩子老太太,头上都得别着这么一朵儿红绒花,寄托着人们对新年的美好愿望,点缀着浓浓的年味儿。

天津绒花:头上有抹红,才算是过年

从最初为讨吉利而应时出现,到后来发展成为一种民间艺术形式,绒花在天津据传已有100余年的历史,它的产生和发展,与天津的民俗生活紧密相连。有一种说法,绒花源自于清代皇宫里的“旗头”,宫里的娘娘爱戴花,民间自然流行起来。

天津绒花:头上有抹红,才算是过年

早年的红绒花是一种纯手工制品,一把红绒线作为材料,一把镊子、一把剪刀就是制作工具。但制作过程却并不轻松,一般要经过几十道工序,制作绒花时,先用丝绒包裹铁丝,随后按照所需花样,经过“拴、铰、对、搓、拧”等工序盘绕塑造而成,上面再点缀花朵、金鱼、蝙蝠、寿桃等,寓意“喜庆有余”“增福增寿”等,每件绒花的各个组合不仅要求严密完整,天衣无缝,不给人以堆砌之感,还要在配色上讲究“润、亮、清”。

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