隆回民艺浓似酒,滩头年画艳如花

2019-01-08 16:59:17    中华网文化

滩头木版年画是湖南省惟一的手工木版水印年画,以浓郁的楚南地方特色自成一派。滩头镇地处湖南省隆回县东南部,此地民风古朴淳厚,习俗独特,历史上曾出现过造纸村,雕刻村,色纸、花纸、香粉纸巷和年画街,手工业十分发达,且分工明确,相互配套。

据民间口传历史资料,滩头最初的木版年画作坊起源于明末清初,二十世纪初达到全盛时期。

滩头木板年画在北京的

民国初年是滩头年画的全盛期,当时较有影响的作坊有二十多家,其中以“忠良美”、“生盛昌”、“和顺昌”、“正大昌”等较为著名。这些作坊除印刷年画外,还生产各种土纸与各种花纸。每年中秋过后,各家作坊即开始生产年画。大型作坊雇工十余人,小型作坊是全家老少投入制作。临近年关,滩头镇各家店铺的大批年画由画商批量销售往贵州、云南、广东、广西、湖北、江西、陕西等省,同时还远销泰国、越南、香港等东南亚国家与地区,年销售量高达七百多万张,居全国年画产地第三位。民国时期,鲁迅先生就珍藏有一幅《老鼠娶亲》的滩头年画,并在《朝花夕拾》中专门描述了年画中老鼠娶亲的场面。

滩头木板年画在北京的

进入新时期,虽然滩头木版年画已经远涉重洋,成为英、美、日等多国大型博物馆的珍藏。但由于滩头木版年画市场急剧萎缩,作坊入不敷出,滩头木版年画或毁坏或流失,有不少技艺已经失传,亟待抢救、保护。

滩头木板年画在北京的

"滩头木版年画"与河南"朱仙镇木版年画"艺术特色"近似",均以矿物质、植物作原料,自行手工磨制颜料,磨出的颜料加水煮沸,过滤,构图饱满匀称,造型古朴夸张,线条粗犷奔放,情节鲜明感人,构图饱满匀称,形象古朴生动。但是,掌握雕刻印刷木版年画的艺人已寥寥无几,特别是传统矿、植物颜色磨制方法已鲜为人知。

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