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北平王墓门神被盗海外后归国 仍有文物不知所踪

2016-01-21 09:53:14   北京晚报

除了《云鹤图》和浮雕,前室还绘满了花卉。有蔷薇、牡丹、月季、牵牛花,花丛之上还有飞舞的蝴蝶,花丛边上白羽红唇的鸽子站立回首。往边上看,男侍从和女侍从在一旁静静地站立。

女侍从的壁画有点残缺,男侍从则完整地展示了那个时代人们的服装造型。他们头戴黑色翘脚幞(fú)头,身穿圆领缺胯袍,脚穿长靴,腰间系鞓(tīng)革带。从细节来看,男侍从也没有胡须。

王处直墓中的其他浮雕

左图是纽约收藏家安思远捐献给中国的浮雕,右图是从海外追讨回的浮雕。经专家证实,这两件浮雕正是王处直墓中两侧入口的一对门神,即秦琼与尉迟恭。按照民间说法,脚踩麋鹿者为尉迟恭,脚踩卧牛者是秦琼。

■ 杨秉坤

3

墓室有大面积星象图 显示其主人身份

另外,人们发现墓室的顶部绘满了星象图,图里描绘的是银河与二十八星宿,如此大规模的星象图,也能看出墓主人的贵重身份。

前室其中一面墓墙上,满满绘制了大幅山水画。耸立的山峰,茂盛的树木,山间流出湍急的河水。近处松柏苍劲,远处山谷起伏,一幅北方山川的景色使墓室里多出了一丝诗情画意。

前室的两侧还有两间小墓室,因为对称着在前室两侧,好像两耳在面部两侧,所以称为耳室。

在东、西两个耳室的墓墙上依然绘满了壁画,除了侍女、童子和花卉外,还有按照王处直生前居室陈设而画的壁画。长长的桌案上摆放着帽架、黑色幞头、储物盒、瓷碗、瓷盒,还有镜架。

来到后室,这里的东西两面墙壁上镶嵌着汉白玉质地的人物群雕,主题为侍女图和散乐图。

这两组侍女群雕极为精彩,雕刻精细人物造型各异。十三位少女在一位侏儒的引领下,分三排而立。她们手里捧着不同的物品,有壶、盏、扇、盒、拂尘;她们发型各不相同,有高髻、锥髻、环髻、单髻、丛髻;她们衣着为内着长裙,外穿短襦,肩披帔巾,腰系绦带。体态丰腴的姑娘们,表情矜持,或低头或顾盼,完整地展现了五代时期贵族家庭伺候主人的完整侍女队伍。

责任编辑:刘畅 CC002
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