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南京山林发现民国水井 初断系南京保卫战遗物

2017-02-07 10:00:18   

紫金山的密林里,竟然藏着一口民国水井。近日,中山陵园管理局文物处在紫金山二道沟附近发现一口水井。这个地方“前不着村后不着店”,历史上并没有多少人居住,为何会突然出现一口水井呢?

1

山林里惊现一口水井

近日,中山陵园管理局文物处闻慧斌处长和南大文化遗产研究所的学者、南京文保志愿者一起巡查紫金山范围内的文物。在走到中山书院和叶恭绰墓之间的二道沟时,一行人在树林里惊奇地发现了一口水井。

这口水井的井壁、井栏都用古旧的青砖砌成,井栏外面有一层水泥。“这些青砖,常见于民国建筑,我判断这口井很可能是民国时期挖的!”在紫金山又发现一处文物点,闻慧斌感到很兴奋,但这个井有什么样的历史,他有点犯难了。

“水井是供人取水用的,照理说,水井一般都出现在人烟稠密的地方,像老城南这样的老城区,民居建筑里就有很多水井,但这个地方出现水井,让人难以理解!”闻慧斌说,民国时期,紫金山上的建筑主要是朱元璋、孙中山等历代名人的陵墓,没有多少人住在山里,二道沟这个地方也没有村落,为什么这偏僻的山林里会有一口民国水井呢?

2

专家初步判断水井身份

闻慧斌初步判断,这口水井有可能是1937年南京保卫战之前,驻守在这里的中央军校教导总队的官兵们留下的。

据史料记载,在抗日战争爆发之前,国民政府在南京周边建造了大量防御工事,也就是俗称的地堡暗堡,其中设在紫金山上的碉堡就超过100个,目前还留存有数十座。驻守在这些碉堡中的,是中央军校教导总队的官兵。

在1937年12月的南京保卫战中,教导总队的官兵依托紫金山防御工事,顽强抵抗来犯日军,毙伤大量进攻的日军第16师团官兵。

“我觉得这口水井应该是当时防御工事的配套设施,是让守军取水用的。”闻慧斌说,在距离水井发现地不远,就有数座当时的碉堡。“当然,水井的真实身份,我们还会进一步考证,也希望熟悉紫金山的市民为我们提供线索!”闻慧斌说。

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