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揭秘张献忠财富:购买力折合数百亿人民币(图)

2017-01-12 14:28:04   

彭山所缴获的千余件文物,其中100件珍贵文物被鉴定为国家级文物、8件为一级文物,2件是国宝级文物。除了在黑市上以800万天价交易的“虎钮金印”外,另一件50两金锭,也能印证张献忠的富有。

这铊金锭拳头大,表面凿刻有铭文“长沙府天启元年分岁供王府足金伍拾两正,吏杨旭,匠赵。”

吴天文解释,“长沙府天启元年伍拾两金锭”,是1621年长沙府上供藩王王府的岁供黄金,是已知的明代金锭中的最大锭型,存世稀少,价值极高。

四川省文物局文博专家陈志学印象中,50两金锭不仅是明代以来发现的最大锭型,明代之前,也没有这么大的金锭。“至少在四川范围内,没有发现过这么大的金锭!”张献忠所在的年代,一两银子足够一个普通家庭一个月的开销,这个金锭足够一个普通家庭生活开支40多年!

1月5日,相关部门正式启动了彭山江口沉银遗址水下考古发掘工作,工作人员李飞相信,江底还将有东西出土。“金属探测仪器已经有所反应,财富之谜会进一步破解。”

长沙府天启元年伍拾两金锭。

最大谜底

成都九眼桥

河床下有宝藏?

作家蒋蓝研究称,面对敌军,张献忠曾选择将财富埋藏。一处埋在青城外山,一处埋在龙泉驿百工堰。随后,张献忠载着上千艘宝物离开成都。在江口,杨展得到了张献忠的多数宝物,只有少数沉入江底。除了江口,张献忠沉银地还在成都九眼桥一带1.5米河床下。

此外,张献忠宝藏之谜还有三种说法。

埋于锦江

《明史》记载,张献忠在被迫撤离成都前,让部下在锦江筑堤,抽干江水,在堤坝下游的泥沙中挖出数丈深的大坑,将劫掠来的财宝倾倒其中,再重新决堤放水,将大坑冲平、淹没,以此掩人耳目。后来的史书《明纪》,也一字不易地抄录了这条史料。

沉于锦江

地方志《彭山县志》对张献忠宝藏的下落另有说法:张献忠撤离成都时,因为旱路已被清军封阻,只得改道由水路出川,但船队沿锦江刚行至彭山县江口境内,便遭到当地地主武装杨展部队的袭击,几乎全军覆没。张献忠不得已退回成都,许多满载金银的木船则沉没于锦江。

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