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北京门头沟3株四百岁油松缺少挂牌保护 已死一株

2016-03-11 15:07:48   法制晚报

这棵树龄400多年的油松已经死亡(图中画圈处)

法制晚报讯(记者 崔毅飞)历经战乱和人为破坏,北京仍幸存下来的古树名木有四万余株,堪称世界保存古树名木最多的大城市。在官方登记古树的树干上,常能看到一块长方形铁牌,记录下树种、级别、编号等信息。

3月12日植树节前,《法制晚报》(微信ID:fzwb_52165216)记者发现,在门头沟区匣石窑,有3株四百多岁的油松(一级古树),却多年缺少挂牌保护,其中1株已死亡多年。

 探访 四百岁油松死亡 根部折断

北京市门头沟区龙泉镇九龙山的半山腰有一个自然村,名叫匣石窑。由于交通不便、吃水困难,从上世纪50年代起,村民陆续迁出。荒村以北有一处平台,本有三株古老的油松,好像扎根大地的生灵,目睹着周遭的风云变迁。

北京市文物保护协会会员吴晓平回忆,2010年5月他独游此地,三株古树长势基本良好,呈三角形分布于平台上。东北侧的油松最为古老,也最为粗壮,但树冠上面出现了部分死杈,而且树冠明显向东倾斜。

时至2012年1月,徒步爱好者英先生来到匣石窑,发现最古老的那株油松已经倾倒,静静躺在山地上。由此判断,古树倾倒发生在2010年5月至2012年1月之间。

让两位见证者最为诧异的是,三株油松非常古老,却均未钉挂树牌。

近日,记者来到匣石窑,死亡的油松依然躺在那里,根部折断,好像一个面目依稀的巨人,再没有傲视苍穹的气势,生命的尊严灰飞烟灭,主干上的树瘤,印证了它的沧桑。经测量,其胸围达到了3.75米。

资料图片显示,这株油松死亡之前,存在明显的重心偏移,但并无支撑保护,最终的倒向也正是其树冠偏移的方向。

让吴先生不解的是,体量如此巨大的油松,至死也未见抢救和挂牌,难道是官方漏查了?

质疑 幸存古树至今有登记无挂牌

据《宛署杂记》记载:“华严寺在匣石窑,离城六十里。”虽没有记载建庙年代,按该书成书时间为明万历二十一年(公元1593年)推算,已有423年。如今建筑已无存,不能排除油松的所在地就是华严寺遗址,古树成了唯一的历史地标。

油松死亡已经过去四五年,旁侧幸存至今的两株油松,仍未见有“身份证”。两株油松高大挺拔,姿态优美,让人感受到宁静的力量和顽强的个性。

经记者测量,发现其胸围分别达到2.68米和2.73米,普通身材的人难以环抱。记者围两株古树分别绕了一圈,并没找到树牌。

出版于1995年的《北京郊区古树名木志》记载,匣石窑3株油松,均为一级古树,树号分别为0554、0555、0556,树龄400余年,长势良好,西面靠山,东面是荒地。由此可见,匣石窑油松,并非官方漏查,而是“有登记、无挂牌”。从2010年到现在一直如此。(法制晚报微信公众号:fzwb_52165216)

根据《北京市古树名木保护管理条例》实施办法规定,区、县古树名木主管部门应对行政辖区内的古树名木进行调查登记、建立档案、卫星定位,制定保护措施并确定管护责任单位或责任人,标挂统一的标识,并将上述事项完成情况报园林绿化局备案。古树名木行政主管部门应当定期对古树名木生长和管护情况进行检查;对长势濒危的古树名木提出抢救措施,并监督实施。

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