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北京中轴线申遗步入第6年 媒体:迟到的修缮终启动

2016-02-24 09:06:51   北京青年报

站在中轴线的最高处北眺,寿皇殿、钟鼓楼清晰可见 摄影/本报记者 魏彤

“经过新中国60多年的建设,北京成为一个保有古都风貌的现代化大城市。 这是中华文明的一张金名片,传承保护好这份宝贵的历史文化遗产,是首都的职责。”——习近平

古都北京,让建筑可以阅读,让历史开口说话。弘扬传统文化,留住浓浓乡愁。

在2·26讲话中,习近平总书记要求传承历史文脉,做到城市保护和有机更新相衔接。

这张“晨钟暮鼓、皇城文道”的金名片该怎么保护?北京青年报记者沿着京城中轴线寻求破题。

中轴申遗

  寿皇殿、天安门东西朝房等定出修缮时间表

永定门城楼、正阳门、天安门,端门、乾清宫、万春亭、鼓楼,直至钟楼,这条7.8公里的中轴线,就是北京历史记忆的脊梁。习近平总书记在2·26讲话中,谈到北京城“中轴明显,左右对称”的布局特色时饱含深情。

中轴线申遗,从2011年提出至今已经步入第六个年头。经过反复磨合,终于取得了历史性突破:大高玄殿、寿皇殿两块申遗路上最难啃的“硬骨头”打开了缺口,迟到了几十年的修缮、腾退终于启动;天坛周围简易楼的搬迁也取得了突破性进展,同时天桥老北京典型景观得以恢复,所有这些,都使旧城保护这盘棋盘出一个新格局。

正月十一上午,景山公园里游客稀少。位于景山正北面的寿皇殿,被施工围挡紧紧包围,悬挂了数十年的“北京市少年宫”金字牌匾早已不见踪影。红漆门和橙黄的琉璃瓦静静地在阳光下散发着光芒。这里正是寿皇殿的修缮现场。

寿皇殿是中轴线上古建筑群中除故宫外的第二大建筑群,是景山的核心区域,曾是清代皇帝的家庙。多年来一直致力于推动中轴线申遗的北京市文物局新闻发言人于平告诉北青报记者,北京市青少年宫腾退完毕后,寿皇殿修缮随之启动,今年将从门前区域扩展至大殿,预计最快可在3年左右完工,未来将按清代历史原状恢复室内展陈。

寿皇殿的回归和修缮是中轴线申遗两大突破之一,也是两块最难啃的“硬骨头”之一。于平告诉北青报记者,另一个突破,指的是故宫大高玄殿的腾退修缮。经多方协调,“外借”近60年的大殿终于近期归还故宫,目前正在修缮中,有望“十三五”期间对外开放。

于平说,去年,北京还启动了天安门内侧东西朝房文物修缮。此外,已经十多年没有大修的钟鼓楼和正阳门也在制定修缮计划。

与此同时,北京加大了对文物保护的资金支持力度。市政府将每年的文物保护专项经费由1.5亿元调整至10亿元,并以中轴线的古建筑腾退和修缮为重点,推动了百余项古建筑修缮工程的开展。

另外,随着天坛周边简易楼的腾退拆迁,天坛医院、口腔医院等也已列入搬迁日程,未来整个天坛周边的环境将会有一个质的变化。

在旧城保护范围内,要求建筑高度的“红线”一般为平房四合院。今年,市文物局将继续推进中轴线沿线的环境整治,通过规划逐步改造,使沿线建筑的高度逐步降下来。如地安门百货大楼建筑高度二次降低之后,其高度、外貌与旧城环境风貌更为相符。

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