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“传奇奶奶”姜淑梅新作出版 原汁原味采集民间故事

2016-01-22 08:18:54   广州日报

姜淑梅一头银发,人称“传奇奶奶”,她的传奇之处在于这位花甲之年才开始看着戏曲频道学字的老人, 2012年开始写作,2013年10月出版第一部作品《乱时候,穷时候》,就以此作声名鹊起。她阅历丰富,历经战乱、饥荒年代,笔下每个字都“钉”在纸上,“戳”到读者心里。2014年3月她加入黑龙江省作家协会,此后,又推出《苦菜花,甘蔗芽》。新年来临之际,姜淑梅再推出新作民间故事集《长脖子的女人》,讲述非一般的民间故事。出了三本书了,老人对记者说:“我现在是小学三年级的学生了。”

原汁原味采集民间故事

新书《长脖子的女人》是老人采集的口耳相传的民间故事集,原汁原味。姜淑梅出门采集故事时,会带一个小兜,里边装一支录音笔、一支笔和一个小本子,走到哪儿都问别人:“你们有什么故事给我讲一个。”如果别人说没有故事,她就说:“那我给你们讲一个吧。”“我这一讲故事就把他们的故事都勾出来了。他们说我也会讲这种故事。”她说。

“莫言写的我也能写”

姜淑梅老人大半辈子是文盲,1997年才开始识字,识字多了,她看了她的山东老乡莫言的三本半小说,分别是《天堂蒜薹之歌》、《檀香刑》、《蛙》,还有半本《红高粱》,看完之后说:“这个我也能写。” 女儿艾苓鼓励母亲写,老太太写出一篇来,艾苓就给敲到电脑上。艾苓说:“她不会写的字,就空着。我把她不会写的字写在一个软皮本里,那个本子慢慢成了她的生字本,她经常翻开反复辨认。”开始老人不会用标点符号,后来看了莫言的几部小说,她写的东西也有了标点,但“只使用三种标点符号:问号、句号、实心点”。

《乱时候,穷时候》写她自己早年的亲历和见闻,写的是饥荒、战乱年代的事。她写出来后,艾苓整理出一篇,贴到她的博客上。女儿艾苓是个作家,1999年,她出了第一本书《领着自己回家》,让母亲给签个名,姜淑梅想了一晚上,写了四句话:“根是苦菜花,发出甘蔗芽;本是乌鸦娘,抱出金凤凰。”艾苓把母亲写的东西贴在博客上获得了很多好评,有个作家朋友把文章推荐给了《读库》,结果《读库》非常喜欢,发表了部分文字, 稿费来了,三千块钱。姜淑梅说:“高兴得我一晚上没睡好觉。”汇集出了书,就是《乱时候,穷时候》。姜淑梅说:“俺这乌鸦娘老了老了,还变成俊鸟了呢。”

中国“最后的讲故事的人”

姜淑梅说:“第一本书《乱时候,穷时候》出来以后,在北京开了个读者见面会。有个女孩叫了声奶奶就哭了,一边哭一边说,说啥俺没听清。她这么难过,俺觉得对不起她,就说:‘孩子,看俺的书不要哭,不要流泪,事都过去了。要是没有这么多苦难,俺也写不出这本书来。’”

老人用简朴的字句讲出让人心酸的故事,平和超然,却让读者读来潸然。著名作家王小妮读到本书后,写下长篇序言推荐,称作者是中国“最后的讲故事的人”,认为这本书独一无二、不容错过。

老人一生节俭,写作时不舍得用干净纸,用的都是废纸的背面。她用不惯书桌,就抱着个空箱子,把箱子放在腿上写,现在抱着沙发枕垫写,她觉得这样才写得带劲。

对话姜淑梅——

我还是一个“年轻”的作家

广州日报:新书名为什么“长脖子女人”?

姜淑梅:这是个故事,讲一个女人受了委屈上吊,但最后活下来了,因为吊的时间比较长,又没人救她,所以脖子就抻得很长。

广州日报:写作好玩吗?您是怎么保持对写作的兴趣的呢?

姜淑梅:我写第一本书的时候手哆嗦,写的横竖都跟锯齿似的, 写写蹭蹭,一天写不出来一句话,到后来一天比一天写得多,一天比一天会得多,感觉自己进步可快了,越写越有兴趣了。以前我怕别人看见我写的字难看,就放到纸桶里。后来我女婿发现了,说妈你写的字可能以后有用,别扔了,放起来吧,以后你要是能写出东西,这是你的手稿。有些字不会写,我就自己造字。我开始写的时候就是玩,后来越写越有劲。我现在也是中国作家协会的作家了,不过还是一个“年轻”的作家,相当于小学三年级。

对话艾苓——

她造字的想法竟和古人暗合

广州日报:老人现在出了三本书了,您觉得她有哪些变化?

艾苓:我娘的变化非常明显。我娘写《乱时候,穷时候》时,我录入手稿过程中发现空白多,她不会写的字就空着,而且,一句话连着一句话,一个标点都没有。整理第一本的时候,我说娘你一定要坐在我身边,我遇到不懂的要问你是什么意思。等整理第二本、第三本书时,她不在我身边,我都能录入了。当然还有错别字,但不会留空,那些空全都用别字、白字去替代。我说娘你进步了。

广州日报:您录入时会不会顺便修改她的字句?

艾苓:我轻易不动,为什么呢?因为我觉得我娘的作品,就像从土里扒出来的瓷器,如果我稍不小心,这个瓷器就碎了,不完整了。我要做的是把外面的尘埃去掉。她对故事的讲述、语言的表达、方言的使用等,我一定要保持原汁原味。山东方言特别复杂,有时候普通话中找不到对应的词,我会让我娘多说几个,在里面选择一个,既和方言比较贴近,普通读者也会读得懂。

  我娘造很多字。比如,她认识开馆的“馆”,但不知道怎么写关押。她知道关押的“关”一定不是开馆的“馆”,想一想觉得把人关到门里才叫“馆压”,所以给“馆”加一个“门”框, 押不知道是哪个,就写压力的“压”,我一看知道是关押。后来我特意查了一下, 她创作的这个“关押”早年繁体字确实曾经有过这样的用法, 繁体的门字框,里面是馆。她不知道这个字的写法,但知道这个逻辑,最朴素的想法和古人暗合。广州日报记者 孙珺

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