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古代社会为什么将优伶的身份设定为卑贱?

2017-05-19 12:53:44   

同时,有了“优言无邮”的共识和默契,中国古代对那些优伶和他们所演的戏,讥刺社会、侮谩上司、调笑宾朋,被开涮的人不计较,看戏的人也因为这四个字,并不全当真。人们会把戏当戏看。所以,也可以说,这四个字类似高压锅的出气阀门,有了这个空,能有限度地排放世道人心的某些压力。

这就出现了一个问题,值得今天的人思考:古代社会为什么将优伶的身份设定为卑贱?因为这是关乎社会风气的大事。

今天的人,对演艺者的认识,产生了与古之传统截然不同的认识。清人郑板桥有诗云:“千家养女先教曲,十里栽花算种田。”——郑板桥原本有感于彼时的扬州,风气奢靡,人心浮华,他深以为耻,以此讥刺扬州。这两句诗,明显不是好话,自从此诗诞生之日起,就让扬州那些士心未泯者感到尴尬和羞辱。而郑板桥于今日的扬州,想去并非过于遥远,但是,不知何时,扬州人将这两句诗,当作对扬州的赞美!甚至将其题写到一些宣传扬州的图画上,雕刻在以扬州风景为题材的屏风上。对此,有人感叹:难道现在的人不读书,连翻阅一下简单的史料就能查清楚这诗的本意是什么都不会吗?

这不止是扬州人的乌龙,而几乎是全天下人普遍的懵懂——君不见当今,多少人想方设法送儿女进入演艺圈,就知道从前中国人的价值已经完全被翻转过来了。从前的耻辱,恰恰是今天的骄傲和荣耀。

风气变化了,价值观变了。自古以来,流风时尚,几乎不可能再变回去。

因此,用当下的世道人心,再来看古代的优伶故事,是非常有意思的。它将引起有心人诸多的联想和思考。

这就是编撰这本书的价值和意义。

2016年9月13日



责任编辑:刘畅 CC002
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