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京张高铁开挖6公里清华园隧道 预计2019年全线通车

2017-11-07 03:58:17   新京报

新京报讯(记者郭超)昨天上午11时16分,中铁十四局承建的清华园隧道“天佑号”盾构机正式开机掘进,标志着京张高铁北京界内段全面进入攻坚阶段。这条穿越北三环、北四环,一直延伸至五环的隧道,将从西北进京的列车引入地下运营,意味着再无火车从路面经过大家熟悉的五道口、四道口地区。

最大盾构机“肚内”高三层楼

清华园隧道是京张高铁控制性工程,位于北京市海淀区,从北京北站引出后将从地面转入地下变身“地铁”,穿行6020米后再转出地面继续向北,沿原京包铁路线驶向张家口方向。目前,京张高铁已经全面进场施工,清华园隧道开始盾构施工,意味着京张高铁全线控制性工程均已开工,清华园隧道预计2018年12月全线贯通,2019年3月具备铺轨条件。

记者昨日在施工现场看到,名叫“天佑号”的京津冀地区最大直径盾构机像一枚横卧于地面的大型炮弹,直径达12.2米,“肚子里”目测有三层楼高,几十人同时走进都不嫌拥挤。特制的钻头抵在土层,开机后,被粉碎的石头、泥沙经过加水混合成浆从管道排出。

项目副总工程师刘磊告诉记者,“盾构掘进过程中将遇到长达2400米的全断面卵石层,对刀具的磨损非常严重。”为此,中铁十四局集团采购了2台世界最先进的泥水平衡盾构机,其具备常压换刀功能,可攻克砂卵石地层对刀具的磨损难题。“我们准备的刀具充足,可以满足施工期要求。”

“盾构施工能够最大限度减少对既有道路、管网、人行天桥、公交站台等基础设施的破坏,减少建筑拆迁和对市民、社区正常生活的干扰,还能减少后期高铁运营对周边环境的噪音污染。”中铁十四局京张项目总工程师陈爽介绍。

隧道全线几与13号线地铁并行

清华园隧道与正在运营的地铁13号线并行,穿越地铁10号线、12号线、15号线以及北三环等7条主要市政道路和88条重要市政管线,从学院南路南侧入地,依次穿越学院南路、北三环、知春路、北四环、成府路、清华东路后,于北五环内清华大学东门附近出地面,是目前国内城区穿越地层最复杂、重要建筑物最多的单栋双线大直径盾构高风险隧道。

中铁设计集团清华园隧道设计负责人刘方说,隧道全线基本上与正在运营的地铁线路并行的这种情况在国际上都很少见,与13号线最近距离只有3.4米,所以对周边重要建筑物的沉降控制提出了极高要求,并行的13号线岔道区对沉降要求控制在1毫米以内。施工人员将采用可视化透明施工技术提前模拟施工工况,不断对比修正施工参数;还将采用自动化监控量测,时刻掌握隧道和周边构筑物的实际变形情况,确保施工安全。

此次盾构施工还采用节省工期的新方法。刘方介绍,盾构进程中,施工人员将同步铺设预制拼装结构,这是铺设轨道前的一道工序,这样可以节省几个月的工期,“相当于以前盾构施工后交给下一步施工的是一个毛坯房,使用新方法后交出来的是一个‘简装修房’,轨道施工单位直接铺设轨道就可以”。

清华园隧道建成后,进入北京北站的列车将实现全部入地运行,极大缓解学院南路、成府路、清华东路这3条市政道路的拥堵问题,同时还达到减少占地、降低环境影响、消除城市分割的目的,并有利于城市区域规划。

链接

京张高铁预计2019年全线通车

京张高铁于2016年4月开工,预计2019年年底竣工,全长174公里,起点为北京北站,共设北京北站、清河站、沙河站、昌平站、八达岭长城站、东花园北站、怀来站、下花园北站、宣化北站、张家口南站等10座车站。

北京境内有北京北、清河、沙河、昌平和八达岭长城5座车站,其中,北京北站已经建好,清河与八达岭长城站为新站,沙河与昌平站虽然属于老站,但已无法满足未来高铁穿行的需要,也将迎来改建或新建。

此外,京张高铁还同步建设延庆支线9公里,崇礼支线53公里。崇礼支线与京张高铁在下花园北站接轨,向北直达崇礼太子城站,出站就是崇礼奥运村。

京张高铁是目前世界上首条设计时速350公里、穿越高寒和大风沙地区的高速铁路,也是2022年北京冬奥会的重要交通基础设施,将成为北京至西北地区的快速通道和京津冀地区城际铁路网的重要组成部分。项目建成后,北京至张家口最快运行时间将从3小时12分缩短至50分钟,并实现智能化技术全面覆盖。

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