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中国研究成果登国际期刊:砒霜有望治疗慢性白血病

2017-09-20 10:05:11   科技日报

(原标题:中国研究成果登上国际顶尖期刊:剧毒砒霜有望治疗慢性白血病)

科技日报长沙9月19日电两千多年来,因与“中毒”“暴死”等词汇关联而声名狼藉的砒霜,经现代科学证明,也能救人一命。19日,科技日报记者从湖南大学获悉,该校分子科学与生物医学实验室的谭蔚泓院士课题组,尝试以砒霜制备一种新型白蛋白纳米药物,为拓展砒霜在慢性髓性白血病和其他肿瘤的临床应用方面提供了新方法和思路。研究论文日前发表在国际顶尖化学期刊《德国应用化学》上。

砒霜,学名三氧化二砷,因对急性早幼粒细胞有诱导分化作用,并可使癌细胞凋亡,医学上已将其作为治疗急性早幼粒细胞白血病的标准药物之一,可使此类患者“五年无病生存率”提高70%。

不过,在慢性髓性白血病治疗中,砒霜无法有效地在癌细胞中富集。而高剂量治疗方案,则易产生神经损伤和肝功能衰竭等严重毒副作用。如何将砒霜用于恶性白血病和实体瘤治疗,成为研究热点。

课题组基于砷-硫键对肿瘤细胞内酸性和谷胱甘肽还原敏感的可逆响应机理,将叶酸修饰的人血清白蛋白对砒霜进行富载,制备获得了智能纳米药物“FA-HSA-ATO”。“白蛋白本身具一定靶向癌细胞的作用,表面修饰的叶酸能进一步有效靶向癌细胞,增强砒霜在肿瘤细胞中的富集。如同赋予了砒霜眼睛,让它能更精准地找到癌细胞,投放砒霜、杀死癌细胞,并减少砒霜在正常器官组织中的富集,最终实现既可有效治疗疾病,又能降低毒副作用。”研究团队成员彭咏波副研究员说。

细胞和动物水平实验表明,该纳米药物能显著增加砒霜对慢性白血病治疗的效果,降低毒副作用。同时具备制备简单,生物兼容性良好等优点。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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