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第二次青藏高原综合科考 江湖源科考取得多项成果

2017-08-19 21:36:54   央视网

今天(8月19日)下午,第二次青藏高原综合科学考察研究暨“河湖源科考”在拉萨正式启动,这也是继今年6月在藏北展开“江湖源科考”后的又一重大科考行动,科考地主要集中在西藏的阿里地区。

在中科院青藏高原研究所的拉萨部,五支科考队、上百名科研人员整装待发,他们将在未来两个多月里,走进阿里地区,开展冰川与环境变化、湖泊河流与环境变化、流域水文气象等五个方面的综合考察。

科考目光从中华水塔到亚洲水塔

与“江湖源科考”聚焦“中华水塔”不同的是,这次“河湖源”更多聚焦“亚洲水塔”。“亚洲水塔”指的是以青藏高原为主体的第三极,有众多的高山山脉,分布着除南北极之外最大的冰川群,滋润了数量众多的河流和湖泊。此次考察地点就将以亚洲水塔为核心,包括雅鲁藏布江的源头杰玛央宗冰川、纳木那尼冰川等。

河湖源冰川与环境变化考察队队长邬光剑:雅鲁藏布江是世界上海拔最高的大河,这次科考的目的就是要在雅江源头杰玛央宗冰川的末端,建立一个大本营,对这个冰川物质平衡,进行详细地观测。同时还有对冰川融水以及雅江上游的径流进行观测,就想确认一下全球变暖背景下,杰玛央宗冰川如何响应全球变化。

专家认为,青藏高原是全球气候变暖极强烈的地区,变暖幅度是全球平均值的2倍,青藏高原超常变暖正在影响亚洲水塔和生态屏障的安全,开展此次科考的目的就是为“守护好世界上最后一方净土”提供科技支撑。

中科院青藏高原研究所所长姚檀栋:亚洲水塔这么重要,现在发生的气候变暖过程,实际上对亚洲水塔是很有威胁的。它是怎么个威胁法,它的过程是什么,以后会怎么变化,只有通过考察研究以后,才能有所了解,才能对症下药,提出以后的应对方案。

河湖源考察将继续使用无人机、无人船和科学实验卫星等新技术手段采集数据。科学家们希望通过科考,为阿里地区建立国家公园和西藏经济社会可持续发展提供基础数据和科学参考。

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