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美媒称中国闹驴荒:农耕需要减少 阿胶产量飙升

2017-07-23 01:39:30   参考消息

(原标题:美媒关注中国养驴数量剧减:农耕需要减少阿胶产量飙升_《参考消息》官方网站)

参考消息网7月23日报道 美媒称,中国当前正在闹驴荒,这是阿胶需求量持续飙升所致。

据《今日美国报》网站7月17日报道,中国农民马玉发(音)在北京以北山区的陡峭梯田里种植蔬菜,这种地形更适合用驴进行耕作,而不是用拖拉机。

现年80岁的马玉发基本过着祖辈们过的生活。他说,他仅剩的一头驴也在2014年死了,他没能再买驴。马玉发说:“现在没有驴了。我们都把驴杀了。”

报道称,中国当前正在闹驴荒,这是阿胶需求量持续飙升所致。阿胶是用煮驴皮制成的一种传统药材。这种药材过去只有贵族用得起。

报道称,30年前,中国还有1100万头驴,当时还是世界第一养驴大国。然而,尽管养驴计划十分密集,但驴的数量还是降到目前不足600万头。

在总部设在英国的“驴庇护所”慈善基金会任职的亚历克斯·迈耶斯说:“阿胶贸易照此发展下去将是不可持续的。”6月底,博茨瓦纳成为最新一个禁止出口驴皮的国家。

中国山东省是阿胶制造商的主要基地。阿胶制造商们否认阿胶产品当前造成驴荒。他们称,他们正在让这种动物在当代世界发挥新的作用。他们还称,中国及全世界农民可通过为他们养驴致富。

东阿阿胶股份有限公司——系中国第一大阿胶生产商——一位负责人说:“阿胶以及鹿茸和人参是传统中药中的三大宝。”

阿胶的历史至少可追溯至公元前2世纪。如今,这种味道难闻的褐色凝胶广受推销,高价格并未让购买阿胶的人却步。

报道认为,中国在利用珍惜、昂贵的动物身体部位制作食材和药材方面有着悠久的历史传统,如用虎骨泡酒,用鱼翅做汤,用穿山甲的鳞片制药。

在总部设在得克萨斯的野马自由联合会称,美国有大量的野驴被非法运到墨西哥进行屠宰,然后再卖到中国去。

除高需求外,导致中国闹驴荒还有一个原因:驴的繁殖能力不强。驴的怀孕期长达14个月,母驴一般一次只生一头小驴,大多数母驴还要从事劳作,因此主人不让母驴繁殖后代。这就是全世界目前只有4400万头驴的原因。

尼日尔是另外5个出台类似禁令的非洲国家之一。随着中国买家蜂拥而至,当地一头驴的价格已上涨了3倍,目前已涨至145美元。

在中国,像马玉发这样的农民,他们的驴子还经常被偷。中国有3亿农民,其中一些人目前仍要靠动物进行耕地、将农作物运往市场以及磨玉米等劳作,在该国贫困地区或山区尤为如此。这样一来,驴一般都被视为家庭成员。

“驴庇护所”慈善基金会的迈耶斯说:“养一头驴的价值远远超过卖驴带来的暂时收益。”

责任编辑:穆启春 CN063
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