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江苏试点“居民虚拟电厂” 缓解用电高峰压力

2017-07-19 15:15:41   中国网

居民楼的电表箱内安装了采集电流、电压数据的设备和智能终端。

居民楼电表箱内采集电流、电压数据的设备和智能终端。

7月17日,江苏各地烈日高照,大多数居民都在家中开起了空调,享受清凉时刻。家住江苏常州武进区星河国际花园小区的居民阮文俊,却因为接到了一个别样的“邀请”而打量起家中的空调。

“三天前接到了常州供电公司发出的电力需求响应邀约,要我今天中午10点到12点,把家里能关的电器关掉,空调要调到27℃以上。”他一边说,一边通过手机APP调高了空调的温度,又跑去厨房关掉了照明。

阮文俊不知道,他的这个小小的举动,使电网负荷降低了0.35千瓦,当天跟他一样接到邀请的常州居民,一共有500个,节省出来的负荷有175千瓦。这些数据都被国网江苏省电力公司的后台系统接收到了,完成这数据传递指令的是装在居民电表箱外面的智能装置。

东南大学智能配用电所副所长周赣解释说:“我们在居民楼的电表箱内安装了采集电流、电压数据的设备和智能终端,将采集到的用户的用电信息传输到后台,软件能实现对电器类别的精细判断,分析出哪个时刻是哪种电器在工作中,这样就能了解居民的用电习惯,同时给出相应的节电建议。”这项功能更大的价值是明确了居民节电的潜力,于是就有了本文开头的一幕,安装智能终端的用户积极参与到了供电公司发出的电力需求响应中。

“别小看这似乎不高的数字。聚沙成塔,一台空调温度调高一度,就可以节约电量0.06度,如果江苏省3800万户用户同时将空调调高一度,让出的负荷就是228万千瓦,等于一个大型县级市的用电,两座百万千瓦级电厂的发电功率。”国网江苏电力营销部市场处副处长杨斌说,“所以海量居民在一个集中时间段省出来的负荷是惊人的,不但可以降低电网用电高峰时段的负荷,为电网可能出现的‘缺口’补漏,还可以将这部分负荷让给需要用电的企业,相当于一个‘虚拟发电厂’。”

建设一座百万千瓦级电厂和配套电网需投资90多亿,而如果有100万户用户在需要的时段一同实现1千瓦的响应,在智能终端的投资仅需2亿,还仅是单次的效益。以往夏季高温,用电负荷顶峰期间,如出现用电缺口,一般以有序用电的手段进行应对,限制工业企业部分负荷,如果居民虚拟电厂的运行达到一定规模,将有望减少对工业企业的有序用电。

据了解,今年夏天,江苏电力试点开展此项活动,以“负荷众筹”形式邀请居民参与负荷响应互动,并对参与响应的居民给予单次5元电费红包的奖励,下一步,还将进一步加大活动力度,不断提升居民的节电意识,吸引居民主动参与电力需求响应,将该项工作常态化。

作为国家重点科技项目“城区用户与电网供需友好互动系统”的一部分,居民虚拟电厂这一技术,在江苏试点后,将在全国推广。

责任编辑:李皓 CN002
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