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中科院理论升级:"煤取代石油"的日子又近一步(图)
2017-07-10 16:58:51 中科院之声
乙烯、丙烯等低碳烯烃是重要的基本化工原料,随着我国国民经济的发展,特别是现代化学工业的发展对低碳烯烃的需求日渐攀升,供需矛盾也日益突出。目前,乙烯、丙烯主要依赖于石化路线生产,但我国石油资源短缺,石油进口依存度逐年增加,在一定程度上限制了以石化路线生产乙烯和丙烯产品的发展。
甲醇制烯烃(Methanol to Olefins,MTO)是重要的C1化工新工艺,是指以煤合成的甲醇为原料,借助类似催化裂化装置的流化床反应形式,生产低碳烯烃的化工技术。由于我国特殊的能源结构特点——煤炭资源相对富裕,这种以煤炭资源为原料的,非石油路线制取低碳烯烃的技术表现出了很大的优势。
什么是DMTO?
DMTO是中国科学院大连化学物理研究所的专利专有技术,MTO代表甲醇制烯烃技术,D代表二甲醚/大连/double的意思,最初的研究是基于二甲醚制烯烃,后来技术改进从甲醇开始,而从甲醇开始的过程也包含甲醇转化为二甲醚,二甲醚转化烯烃的过程,故引用double的意思;由于大连化物所地处大连,大部分人认为这个D也是大连的意思。
DMTO技术荣获2014年国家技术发明一等奖
DMTO工业化技术解决了煤制烯烃的技术瓶颈,是连接煤化工和石油化工的桥梁,为煤化工行业和煤制烯烃产业提供了有力的技术支撑。DMTO工业化技术可缓解我国石油资源的不足,使低碳烯烃生产原料多元化。在当今国内石油资源短缺的背景下,该技术对于实现我国“石油替代”战略,保证我国的能源安全具有十分重大的战略意义。
DMTO技术目前的发展
DMTO工业化技术研发成功,对于减少我国石油进口、开辟我国烯烃产业新途径具有重要意义。同时,这也标志着我国甲醇加工能力将由万吨级装置一举跨越到百万吨级大型装置。DMTO成套技术的开发与应用,无论从经济上还是战略上对我国发展新型煤化工产业、实现“石油替代”的能源战略都具有极其重要的意义。2010年甲醇制烯烃国家工程实验室与合作单位研发的具有自主知识产权的DMTO技术成功应用于世界首套煤制烯烃工业项目、国家示范工程神华包头年产180万吨甲醇制取年产60万吨烯烃装置,技术指标达到国际领先水平。目前DMTO技术已实现技术实施许可1313万吨烯烃/年,已投产646万吨烯烃/年。
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