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火箭异常后 中星9A独自“爬”上3.6万公里轨道

2017-07-07 07:34:11   新华社

原标题:中国“星坚强”——火箭异常后,中星9A独自“爬”上3.6万公里轨道

新华社记者白国龙

刚飞出地球后不久,它就被遗落在“半路”上。

这是一颗名叫“中星9A”的国产卫星,因运载火箭发生异常未能进入预定轨道,但靠自带的燃料独自在太空中“徒步”行进,爬升2万多公里,于7月5日成功定点,完成了一次长达16天的“太空自救”,堪称中国“星坚强”。

2017年6月19日0时11分,中国在西昌卫星发射中心由长征三号乙运载火箭发射中星9A卫星,这是一颗由航天科技集团五院研制的我国首颗国产直播卫星,如果成功入轨,也将成为我国首次覆盖南海海域的国产直播卫星。

然而,卫星刚随火箭飞出地球不久,就因火箭出现异常,被遗落在1.6万公里的太空,而它离预定轨道还有2万多公里!

“一开始以为遥测乱了,时间一分一分过去,越来越揪心。”一位工作人员事后回忆说,那时西昌卫星发射中心指控大厅现场气氛特别凝重,来自航天科技集团五院的通信卫星事业部部长周志成和中星9A卫星总指挥兼总设计师魏强在稳定现场工作人员情绪,组织大家持续进行卫星数据判读。很多老专家也陪大家一起熬夜,研究对策。

这时,一个积极的信号鼓舞了所有人。卫星太阳帆板、天线顺利展开,工况正常,而且卫星上的一个关键设备——地球敏感器可以正常使用。这意味着,地面的工作人员能够靠它确定卫星的姿态和相对地球的位置,并依靠卫星自身的推进器点火来完成变轨。

魏强告诉新华社记者,卫星轨道高度不足的情况以前也遇到过,但这一次这么低究竟能不能成功,谁也不敢保证。

只要有一丝希望就决不放弃!经过紧急研判,专家们决定尽全力挽救这颗星。

在航天科技集团五院飞控试验队和西安卫星测控中心的密切配合下,中星9A卫星开始了“徒步”长征。

卫星先后完成了10次重新点火,准确进行轨道调整,多次频繁穿越地球周边的中、低轨道的辐射带,也消耗了很多燃料,历经重重磨难,最终卫星成功定点于东经101.4°赤道上空的预定轨道,各系统工作正常。

责任编辑:穆启春 CN063
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