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专家回应茂县地质灾害为何没能预防:难以发现

2017-06-25 04:58:18   四川在线

四川在线消息(记者熊筱伟寇敏芳)6月24日,四川省阿坝州茂县叠溪镇新磨村新村组富贵山山体突发高位垮塌发生后,不少人关心地灾为何发生?

当晚11时左右,茂县前方新闻应急中心第二场新闻发布会提出,经专家现场踏勘初步分析,这是一起降雨诱发的高位远程崩滑碎屑流灾害。

什么是碎屑流?紧急赴茂县叠溪镇突发地质灾害应急调查专家、省地质环境监测总站副站长肖智林经过现场勘察后表示,简单说是山顶岩体突然崩塌,向山下滚落过程中带动斜坡碎屑一起运动,“以当时的降雨量,斜坡虽然松散但也问题不大,关键还是高山巨石崩塌带来的冲击(以至于形成碎屑流)。”

对于突发地质灾害,究竟有没有办法进行预防?

“通常情况下,是有办法的。”省国土资源厅相关负责人介绍,“5?12”汶川特大地震后四川组织专业队伍,对全省地灾隐患进行了普查和调查;同时我省积极推动建立五大防灾机制——强化隐患发现机制、监测预警机制、主动预防避让机制、培训演练与应急抢险机制、地质灾害综合防治机制。2013年以来,我省实现地质灾害成功避险387起,避免了逾3万名群众可能的因灾伤亡。

这一次,为何没能预防?

“难以发现。”国土资源部地质灾害应急专家、成都理工大学环境与土木工程学院教授裴向军介绍,此次高位崩滑发生在海拔3400米以上,离受灾村庄高差超过1100米,那里无人居住且山体陡峭,坡度在55到60度,人很难上去;同时由于高山植被密集,受其遮挡,即使高精度卫星也难以拍摄到坡体变形——这意味着现有遥感手段发现不了隐患,传统工程地质勘探手段也难以开展。

裴向军表示地灾发生地处于松坪沟断层,历史上地震频发,包括1933年叠溪地震和2008年“5?12”汶川特大地震。“地震给地层带来的是深部岩体质量损伤——也就是‘内伤’而不是‘皮肤病’。”他表示,受地震影响,山体稳定性下降,遇到降雨更容易诱发滑坡。日本关东地震、台湾集集地震……历史上大地震几乎都在震后出现过大地灾的案例。“这个现象如何解决是全球都面临的巨大挑战。”裴向军说。

省国土资源厅相关负责人表示,地灾发生后,在第一时间组织抢险救灾同时,已布置在全省开展对隐患点的拉网式全面排查,同时加强预警监测和值班值守。

责任编辑:高宗影 CN060
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