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新型毒品泛滥:U-47700等四物质进入毒品管制黑名单

2017-06-20 13:56:22   央广网

央广网北京6月20日消息(记者潘毅)据中国之声《新闻纵横》报道,U-47700、MT-45、PMMA,这些对于普通人来说相对神秘的代号,对于制毒贩毒的“绝命毒师”们而言,并不陌生。这些代号指的是一类新型毒品,更加准确的名字叫做“新精神活性物质”。

“新精神活性物质”又被称为“策划药”或“实验室毒品”,是不法分子为逃避打击,而对管制毒品进行化学结构修饰得到的毒品类似物,具有与管制毒品相似、甚至更强的兴奋、致幻、麻醉等效果,是继传统毒品、合成毒品后全球流行的第三代毒品,自2009年兴起以来在全球不断泛滥,愈演愈烈,危害严重。而近几年来备受关注的芬太尼类物质也是“新精神活性物质”的一种。

国家禁毒办昨天(19日)上午举行新闻发布会,宣布将U-47700等四种物质列入非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品管制品种增补目录,目前我国列管的“新精神活性物质”已达138种。

今年3月发布的《2016年中国毒品形势报告》指出,在全国现有的250.5万名吸毒人员中,合成毒品滥用规模居首位、新精神活性物质国内滥用增多,毒品滥用结构发生根本变化。“新精神活性物质”在中国已经存在滥用人群,主要是在娱乐场所滥用。那么,“新精神活性物质”和传统毒品相比有何区别?

在昨天(19日)举行的新闻发布会上,国家禁毒办宣布,公安部、国家食品药品监督管理总局和国家卫生和计划生育委员会根据《麻醉药品和精神药品管理条例》、《非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品列管办法》的有关规定,决定将U-47700、MT-45、PMMA和4,4'-DMAR四种物质列入非药用类麻醉药品和精神药品管制品种增补目录。

国家禁毒办副主任、公安部禁毒局邓明介绍说:“许多新精神活性物质的毒理作用比海洛因、吗啡等传统毒品更加强烈,此次我国列管的U-47700的药效约是吗啡的7.5倍;今年3月份我国列管的卡芬太尼的药效为吗啡的10000倍,成人的致死量约为2毫克。据报道,近年来欧美国家已报告发生过上百起因吸食新精神活性物质致死案例。”

目前我国列管的新精神活性物质已达138种。对于国际社会较为关注的芬太尼类物质,目前我国已列管23种,远超联合国已列管的15种。但是,境内外不法分子一旦发现某品种被列入管制,在短时间内即研制出新的非列管新精神活性物质。国内滥用新精神活性物质的案例也开始增多。除氯胺酮滥用人数增至近10万人外,其他合成大麻素类、甲卡西酮类等新精神活性物质也相继在云南、湖北、辽宁等地娱乐场所缴获。这些制品以香料、花瓣、烟草及电子烟油等形态出现,与海洛因、冰毒等常见毒品相比伪装性更强,含有多种合成大麻素成分,具有较强的致幻能力,滥用风险加大。

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