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实施垃圾分类应推行“变废为宝”

2017-06-07 07:46:21   千龙网

来源标题:实施垃圾分类应推行“变废为宝”国家发改委和住建部联合制定的《生活垃圾分类制度实施方案》已经下发两个多月了。但由于居民生活习惯的影响,再加上垃圾收运系统的不健全,各种配套设施的不完善,导致实施效果仍不令人满意。尤其是负责垃圾收运的工作人员,在清理运输垃圾过程中,并不是按照分类进行回收,而是所有垃圾都混在一起往垃圾车厢上堆放,即使不少居民在家里已经做到垃圾分类,并按规定送到住宅小居的固定区域分类存放,也是白费了心。

垃圾分类回收是垃圾减量化、无害化、资源化、产业化的最终出路。垃圾分类回收最终创造的是一个无垃圾的社会,一个资源循环、永续利用的社会。与目前大多数小区的生活垃圾分类设施成“摆设”、运收“大撒把”、处理“一锅烩”不同,“破烂王”们对垃圾的分类、收运十分认真。因此,我们在实施垃圾分类过程中,必须多学一学他们的经验,在广大居民中形成“变废为宝”的垃圾处理思想,让人们主动对居家垃圾进行分类,主动将垃圾投放到指定位置,并成为一种生活的习惯。

要教会居民懂得如何进行垃圾分类。一些居民之所以什么垃圾都往一个袋里装,主要是不懂得如何进行垃圾分类,哪些属于可回收的,哪些属于不可回收的。因此,社区工作人员和志愿者就要担当好责任,通过各种各样的方式向社区居民进行宣传,让居民真正懂得自家产生的垃圾如何进行细分,小区摆放的垃圾分类桶才能发挥其应有的作用。如果居民不知道如何进行分类,只能是所有垃圾都往一个袋子里装,必然就不清楚该往哪个桶里扔了。正因为如此,回运垃圾的工作人员干脆将垃圾混装,导致垃圾分类成为一种摆设。

要学一学“破烂王”的收运方式。垃圾分类处理,以及垃圾强制分类的提出,从根本上讲就是在“抓源头”。其实,有了这个指引,远远不够,居民不配合,垃圾处理依然会走老路。政府部门的垃圾处理单位,在完善垃圾收运硬件配套设施的基础上,要教育负责垃圾收运的工作人员学会科学收运垃圾的办法,减少在收运中产生二次混装。而作为每一个居民,都要增强环保意识,变“要我做”为“我要做”,使其成为一种主动行为、自觉行动,而不只是停留于口头,或者依赖他人去做。

要建立法律规范指导居民减少垃圾产生量。垃圾强制分类不等于减量回收,但有助于减量回收。分类可以倒逼前端法律、法规、制度、规范的逐步完善,同时可以引导居民养成绿色生活绿色消费的习惯,在生产、消费和生活环节减少垃圾的产生,即促进“产生前减量”。不产生、少产生垃圾,就是最好的垃圾分类和垃圾处理。但是,分类本身并不直接消灭和利用垃圾,只有分出的垃圾得到“妥善利用”才能算是减量回收。因此,要教育居民尽量减少产生生活垃圾,通过奖励、换物、冲抵水电费的方式,激励居民将垃圾“变废为宝”。但仅靠鼓励还远远不够,必须拿出更具可操作性的配套政策乃至真金白银加以引导,辅以严格的约束机制,才能有助于更好实现垃圾“变废为宝”。

垃圾分类是经济与社会高度发展的产物,也是社会进步和生态文明的标志。我国已进入全面建成小康社会的决胜阶段,普遍推行垃圾分类制度的基本条件已经具备,可谓“水渐到渠渐成”。而垃圾分类处理是一项系统工程,投放、储存、运输、管理、处理、监督等等,各个环节均需要“完美无瑕”。试想,如果找不到垃圾桶,或者垃圾桶物满为患,公众再想分类投放,也无计可施。因此,垃圾分类,配套设施的完备也很重要,这应是人人自觉的基础。毕竟,垃圾也需要共治才能实现共赢。

责任编辑:丁勇 CN007
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