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中国新型地效无人机亮相 外媒称其为航母杀手(图)

2017-05-12 09:11:29   环球时报

[环球网军事5月12日报道环球时报记者张亦驰环球时报记者刘扬]前段时间出现在中国网络上的地效无人机图片最近引发国外媒体关注。有外媒将它视为区域拒止的利器,甚至是航母杀手。中国航空专家王亚男认为,这种飞行器非常适合岛礁作战,既可以作为攻击和侦察平台,也可以将其尺寸放大,作为向岛礁投送兵力的特种装备。

外媒关注新型地效无人机

英国《每日邮报》网站10日报道称,中国互联网上日前发布了中国新型无人机的图片。该图片似乎是宣传册的一部分。该宣传册宣称,这种无人机可攻击水上大型目标,实施快速远程鱼雷攻击和海面区域封锁。据报道,这种无人机是中国“彩虹”系列无人机的最新成员。该机最大起飞重量为3吨,最大载荷达到1吨,巡航时间1.5小时,巡航高度为1-6米。报道援引网络上的评论称,这种鱼雷攻击机能够在海面上掠海飞行,对军舰进行“致命攻击”,而且该无人机能够避免雷达探测,因为它可以在水面上极低的高度飞行。

俄罗斯卫星网刊登军事专家卡申的文章称,新型无人机被归入“彩虹”系列无人机表明,它的研制者是中国航天科技集团第十一研究院,也被称为中国航天空气动力技术研究院。卡申称,通常地效无人机时速很少高于500-550公里。由此可以推断,在一个半小时内以小于最大速度的巡航速度飞行,它最多能飞行600公里。

《环球时报》记者查阅了公开资料后了解到,这种所谓地效无人机,正式名称为“地效导弹”,是利用地面效应原理实现超低空稳定飞行的一种新概念导弹,是地效飞行器和导弹的有机结合,也是两种不同概念飞行器的技术融合。它载荷重量大,利用地球曲率作用和海杂波的掩护,使防御体系预警探测能力下降,具有极强的突防和打击能力,主要用于攻击水面大型目标。根据公布的数据,它的巡航速度为0.5-0.6马赫。

用来打航母?

卫星网文章推测,中国很快要制造出非常有趣的新型武器,这完全体现了反介入/区域阻止战略。文章称,地效无人机有三个最重要的用途。分别是攻击水面大型目标、作为远程快速鱼雷发起攻击和隔离海上地区。它在打击海上目标时可以携带威力强大的重达1吨的弹头,且是一次性的。无人机的速度明显小于反舰导弹。但它飞行高度低,甚至能贴水面飞行。

文章认为,这种无人机的造价要比重型反舰巡航导弹,尤其是超音速反舰巡航导弹低得多,因为制造飞机及其发动机采用的技术更简单。文章称,中国对无人机所能扮演的多种角色进行了大量试验,可让这些无人机组成独立机群,它们可自主决定打击目标时各自的角色。“一群这样的无人机在极低空飞行并调整好攻击方向时,突破敌方海军编队防空系统的可能性很大。”考虑到它有很大的有效载荷,可以为它配备电子战系统,或者用装甲保护至关重要的部件,就像前苏联重型反舰导弹那样。

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