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国产大飞机C919明日首飞 已获得全球570架订单

2017-05-04 03:45:51   新闻晨报

中国商飞公司5月3日发布消息称,综合各方面因素,国产大型客机C919(以下简称“C919”)将于明日在上海浦东国际机场的第4跑道首飞。如天气条件不具备,则顺延。

C919是中国首款按照最新国际适航标准研制的干线民用飞机。从2007年2月国务院批复大型飞机研制重大科技专项正式立项,到2015年11月2日C919总装下线,再到2017年5月5日首飞,科研人员针对先进的气动布局、结构材料和机载系统,共规划了102项关键技术攻关,包括飞机发动机一体化设计、电传飞控系统控制律设计、主动控制技术等。

5月3日,工作人员对C919首架机做检查,确保首飞安全。

历经118个试验项目

C919首飞距大型飞机研制重大科技专项正式立项已有十载,可谓十年磨一剑,期间中国航空人为这次首飞更是做足了准备,信心满满。“前几天连续做了单发起降等一系列特情模拟培训。大家对飞机状态心里早有底了,现在就看天气。”中国商飞公司总飞行师、机组观察员钱进笑5月1日时表示。

4月28日,C919飞机10103架机中机身(含中央翼)在上飞公司浦东基地总装下线。C919飞机10102架机的总装工作也在抓紧推进。C919总装下线之后,项目在系统集成试验、静力试验、机上试验、试飞准备等几条主线稳步推进。为了给首飞保驾护航,大飞机已完成118个试验项目,经历了包括低滑、中滑、高滑在内的21次滑行试验。

“三鸟”将隐患留在地面

每个飞机型号在研制阶段都要开展大量系统集成试验,都有属于型号独有的系统集成试验室,试验室的集成程度及仿真程度直接决定了试验验证水平。

一架大型客机由数以百万计的零部件组成,涉及航电、环控、飞控等数十个复杂的系统。要确保飞机飞行安全,离不开首飞前复杂的地面试验。在这些试验中,首先是铁鸟试验。铁鸟与它模拟的飞机外形相像,布局完全一样,还与飞机的主要承力结构前梁、后梁、框等非常接近。它复杂的骨架搭配需要精心设计,使其承载最大、传力路径最短。

铁鸟试验台全称“飞控液压系统综合试验台架”,是飞机系统综合、优化设计、适航取证和交付运营、持续适航必不可少的关键试验设施。它由成百根钢材交错、搭接、电焊而成,看起来很简单,但实际上设计、制造、安装铁鸟并非易事。一直以来,铁鸟是型号研制的先行者。几乎所有飞机在首飞前,都要在地面进行铁鸟试验。通过铁鸟试验,有时能暴露一些系统在设计制造中存在的问题,为项目研制赢得宝贵的时间,降低各种风险。

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