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全球首例换头术将在中国进行?哈医大:从没听说过

2017-05-03 10:21:25   澎湃

原标题:哈尔滨医科大回应“全球首例换头术将在华进行”:从没听说过

10个月内,一位中国患者将在中国哈尔滨接受全球首例头部移植手术,由哈尔滨医科大学的任晓平教授团队操手——近日,意大利神经外科专家赛吉尔•卡纳维罗(SergioCanavero)在接受德语媒体《OOOM》时透露了这些信息,还表示“任晓平未来两个月将在中国举行专门的新闻发布会,宣布该手术的具体日程”。

任晓平教授

5月2日,澎湃新闻(www.thepaper.cn)联系上任晓平所在的哈尔滨医科大学和哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院。哈尔滨医科大学表示:“从没听说有这事”。哈尔滨医科大学附属第二医院宣传部工作人员则表示:“这跟我们没有关系,是那边的人自作主张搞的这些事。我们任晓平主任的研究跟他们挺远的其实。”

近两年前,卡纳维罗就对外宣布,称“和哈尔滨医科大学任晓平教授率领的医疗团队一起合作”、“首例人类头颅移植手术将于2017年12月在哈尔滨医科大学附属医院举行”。2015年9月,迅速“被走红”的任晓平回应媒体称:关于换头手术的具体时间和地点等事宜还没法确定,所谓2017年将在中国实施“换头”手术“是没有的事情”。

和近两年前的说法有所不同的是,此次卡纳维罗口中首位接受头移植的病人,从俄罗斯电脑工程师瓦莱里•史比多夫(Valery Spiridonov)改为了一位中国人。值得一提的是,2016年底,卡纳维罗还曾表示会在英国进行全球首例换头手术。

截至发稿时,任晓平尚未回复澎湃新闻针对此事的邮件询问。

从公开资料来看,任晓平和卡纳维罗的关系并不疏远,媒体报道中有不少任晓平和卡纳维罗搭肩的合照。此次接受《OOOM》采访时,卡纳维罗称任晓平为“亲密的朋友”。而就在几天前,在以任晓平为通讯作者、发表在《CNSNeuroscience&Therapeutics》期刊的论文中,卡纳维罗的名字也在作者之列。

这篇最新发表的论文是“头移植”的前期基础研究,在任晓平团队和卡纳维罗的实验中,进行了头移植的大鼠存活时间可达36小时,36小时后被实施安乐死。

5月1日,介绍这篇“小动物头移植模型中预防供体脑缺血损伤设计”论文的相关文章出现在哈尔滨医科大学新闻网上,并写道“哈医大专家团队在长达两年余的动物模型建立中,在异体头身重建的小动物模型的基础上又建立了小动物的头移植模型,而且不断完善并改进设计,为进一步开展大动物的临床前实验奠定了基础。”

“异体头身重建”通俗的说法是“头移植”。论文资料显示,任晓平团队该篇论文的首次投稿时间为2017年2月,根据哈尔滨医科大学新闻网的该篇介绍可以推测,“异体头身重建”在当时可能尚未开展“大动物的临床前实验”,而这是进行人体临床试验前的必需步骤。

“总之,这种模型有助于目前对首次人类头移植所做的努力。”这篇论文的结尾写道。曾在1999年参与过全球第一例手移植手术的任晓平于2012年回国,并将诸多精力用于研究“头移植”。

此前,据媒体报道,头移植手术约需36小时才能完成,费用750万英镑(约合6880万人民币)。手术过程包括切下受体和供体的头部,对供体的头部进行冷冻、清洗,并用特殊的聚合物胶结技术将供体的头部和受体的身体结合在一起。

比起普通的器官移植,头部移植要复杂得多,难得多。头部不只是一个器官,而是一个复合组织,面临诸多科学难题,比如如何将异体的脊髓接上,如何解决免疫排斥反应,以及如何保证大脑在移植过程中不因缺血受损。

也正因为在科学层面上难用现有技术突破,在伦理上存在争议,“换头术”总身处争议旋涡。

责任编辑:陈倩 CN030
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