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总理在山东关切的这件事,出新措施了!

2017-05-02 21:48:15   中国政府网

近日,国务院办公厅印发《关于推进医疗联合体建设和发展的指导意见》。意见提出,开展医疗联合体(以下简称医联体)建设,是深化医改的重要步骤和制度创新,有利于调整优化医疗资源结构布局,促进医疗卫生工作重心下移和资源下沉,提升基层服务能力,有利于医疗资源上下贯通,提升医疗服务体系整体效能,更好实施分级诊疗和满足群众健康需求。

4月20日,李克强总理在考察威海孙家疃医院时就强调了医联体的重要作用:中医讲“通则不痛”。我们就是要让优质医疗资源上下贯通,以医联体之“通”,破解群众看病之“痛”。作为社区医院的威海孙家疃医院与威海市中医院组建医联体,市中医院专家可以在此出诊并视频远程诊疗。

此次指导意见所言明的医联体的重要性不言而喻,也对医联体的功能与目标进一步做了明确。医联体最重要的目的是要将优质医疗资源“下沉”,要求试点省份的三级公立医院要全部参与并发挥引领作用,每个地市以及分级诊疗试点城市至少建成一个有明显成效的医联体。同时,还需要探索多种形式的医联体,除了地市级医院与基层、社区医院的联合,还要求县级区域内也进行医联。李克强总理用中药治病的原理来比喻医联体,非常形象与恰当。原来,在一定区域内,病人的检验结果医院互相不认可,处方缺乏流动性,药品也很难共享,病人转诊机制非常不畅。更重要的,医保支付缺乏统筹令许多病人不便。

区域内医疗资源的“不通”成为一种循环,并且还有着自我强化的特征。对于吸纳了各种优质资源的三级医院们来说,它们垄断资源、“跑马圈地”、“虹吸”基层资源、挤压社会办医空间,但同时这个负荷过重的机构又无法为每个病人提供很好的服务。公立医院改革是新医改中最重要最难啃的一部分,破除以药养医、建立现代医院制度正在推进,医联体的建设就是要推动它们愿意将一部分医疗资源下沉到基层,起到带动作用。这同时也是在为大医院们减负,以使得它们轻装上阵,将更多精力放在疑难重症与科研方面,并且更加体现公益性。

此次医联体试点也要求建立明确的绩效考核机制,包括建立医联体考核指标体系,重点考核医联体技术辐射带动情况、医疗资源下沉情况等。也会将考核评价结果作为人事任免、评优评先等的重要依据,并与医务人员绩效工资、进修、晋升等挂钩。在经过试点之后,医联体的改革时间表也非常明确,计划在2020年全面实施,而在试点阶段需要完成的改革任务非常繁重,包括促进公立医院改革、医保支付方式改革、分级诊疗制度建设等。

医联体的建设将不仅仅涉及医改,除了医疗资源下沉,医联体与养老业密切相关。社区养老、医养结合将是今后养老制度改革中的一大趋势,家庭医生的发展以及分级诊疗制度的建设可以说都是在为此做着准备。李克强总理在考察威海孙家疃医院时也同时指出,我国老年人口已超2亿,发展好医养结合这一大产业,切实保障老有所养老有所医,才能让老人安心、子女放心。如果老人们能够在家门口的社区得到需要的医疗服务,那么就会为他们养老解决一个心头大患。

医联体建设涉及几个职能部门,卫生计生行政部门和中医药管理部门对医联体建设负主要监管责任,还将涉及发展改革与物价部门、科技部门、财政部门、社保部门以及银行的相关部门等。因此,部门之间的协调配合非常重要,上述部门不仅在医联体建设中需要明确分工职责、互相配合,而且在整个医改中都要各司其职。部门之间如何能建立一种有效的协调机制,而不是推而不动,也值得探讨。(祝乃娟)

责任编辑:李皓 CN002
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