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社保缴费基数即将迎来调整 到手工资有望增加

2016-12-10 18:16:42   央视财经

社保缴费费率阶段性降低后,社保缴费基数即将迎来调整。专家认为,扩大统计口径范围后,社保缴费基数可能下降10%左右,这有利于减轻低收入者缴费负担,让更多低收入者交得起社保,同时拿到手的工资也有望增加。

国务院近期印发的《关于激发重点群体活力带动城乡居民增收的实施意见》提出,将城镇私营单位在岗职工平均工资纳入缴费基数统计口径范围,形成合理的社会保险和住房公积金缴费基数,避免对低收入群体的制度性挤出。

目前,我国的社保缴费基数确定得比较粗放,很多省份往往以城镇非私营单位在岗职工平均工资来确定社保缴费基数。如某省人社厅通知,2015年全省非私营单位在岗职工年平均工资为52960元,作为该省2015年度在岗职工平均工资,据此确定参加基本养老保险职工个人缴纳养老保险费基数的上下限、城镇个体工商户和灵活就业人员缴纳养老保险费基数,计算参保人员退休时基础养老金和过渡性养老金。

而随着每年社会平均工资的上涨,“年年上涨”也成为社保缴费基数的一个新常态,企业负担过重、影响职工收入的问题也一直备受社会关注。

不仅如此,低收入群体也可能因此面临缩水的状况。根据现行规定,参保人月平均工资低于当地职工平均工资60%的,按当地职工月平均工资的60%缴费。也就是说,对于工资达不到平均工资60%的职工,要按照高于本人工资的基数进行缴费,导致实际到手工资更少。

“社会平均工资不是一个中位数,而是一个平均数。由于职工工资差异大,平均工资偏高,脱离了大部分职工的收入水平,对高、中、低收入群体没有合理地区别对待。”清华大学就业与社会保障研究中心主任杨燕绥表示,对于职工来说,无论是在大企业还是在小企业工作,参加社保享受的权利应该是一样的。

但是此前,纳入社保缴费基数统计口径范围的主要是国企和大中型企业,这些企业的职工工资水平相对较高。对于民营小企业来说,缴费基数不能按照大企业的缴费基数去配比,否则民营企业和小企业将很难承受。

简单来说,参保人应缴社会保险费,为社保缴费基数乘以社保费率之数值。针对我国社保费率偏高的问题,从今年5月1日起两年内,对企业职工基本养老保险单位缴费比例超过20%的省份,将缴费比例降至20%;单位缴费比例为20%,且2015年底基金累计结余可支付月数超过9个月的省份,可以阶段性降低至19%。

“要避免对低收入群体的制度性挤出,阶段性降低社保缴费费率还不够,还要进一步夯实费基。”杨燕绥分析认为,扩宽统计口径范围,将小企业、民营企业纳入进来,预计缴费基数将下降10%左右,“这样把费率和费基都降下来,企业的社保负担会就可以减轻,从而让更多工资比较低的群体也能参保。”


责任编辑:孙启浩 CN037
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